Fear of COVID-19 and the Mental Health Consequences in America
Fear of COVID-19 and the Mental Health Consequences in America
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DOI：
10.1037/tra0000924
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Drawve, Grant
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fitzpatrick, Kevin M.;Harris, Casey;Drawve, Grant
这项工作的目的是研究生活在美国的成年人中新冠肺炎恐惧与社会脆弱性和心理健康后果的交集。数据来自具有全国代表性的样本(n=10,368)，这些美国成年人在人口统计分组(性别、年龄、收入、种族和族裔、地理位置)期间接受了在线调查。2020年3月23日的样本周。样本是分层后加权的，以确保在社会和人口子组(性别、年龄、收入、种族或民族)之间的代表性平衡。地理位置)。调查样本包括51%的女性、23%的非白人、18%的西班牙裔、25%的孩子未满18岁的家庭、55%的未婚家庭以及近20%的失业者、下岗或暂时离职的家庭。受访者很害怕，当被问及他们对新冠肺炎的恐惧程度时，他们的平均得分接近7分(满分10分)。初步分析显示，新冠肺炎恐慌情绪存在明显的空间扩散。恐惧似乎集中在报告的新冠肺炎病例最多的地区。美国几个人口普查地区的数据存在显著差异(p<；.01)。此外，在社会弱势受访者(女性、亚裔、西班牙裔、外国出生、有子女的家庭)和恐惧以及精神健康后果(焦虑和抑郁症状)之间发现了显著的双变量关系。平均而言，抑郁症状是高度的(在流行病学研究中心抑郁量表上为16+)，超过25%的样本报告了中度到重度的焦虑症状。需要使用具有全国代表性的样本进行更深入的心理社会研究，以帮助了解潜在的心理健康风险，并针对具体的心理健康干预措施。
The intent of this work was to examine the intersection of COVID-19 fear with social vulnerabilities and mental health consequences among adults living in the United States. Data are from a nationally representative sample (n = 10,368) of U.S. adults surveyed online during demographic subgroups (gender, age, income, race and ethnicity, geography). The sample week of March 23, 2020. The sample was poststratification weighted to ensure a balanced representation across social and demographic subgroups (gender, age, income, race or ethnicity. geography). The sample comprised 51% female; 23% non-White; 18% Hispanic; 25% of households with children under 18 years of age; 55% unmarried; and nearly 20% unemployed, laid off, or furloughed at the time of the interview. Respondents were fearful, averaging a score of nearly 7 on a scale of 10 when asked how fearful they were of COVID-19. Preliminary analysis suggests clear spatial diffusion of COVID-19 fear. Fear appears to be concentrated in regions with the highest reported COVID-19 cases. Significant differences across several U.S. census regions are noted (p < .01). Additionally, significant bivariate relationship were found between socially vulnerable respondents (female, Asians, Hispanic, foreign-born, families with children) and fear, as well as with mental health consequences (anxiety and depressive symptoms). Depressive symptoms, on average, were high (16+ on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale), and more than 25% of the sample reported moderate to severe anxiety symptoms. More in-depth psychosocial research is needed using nationally representative samples that can help to inform potential mental health risks, as well as by targeting specific mental health interventions.