NP-Hardness of Learning Programs and Partial MCSP
NP-Hardness of Learning Programs and Partial MCSP
复制标题
学习计划的 NP 难度和部分 MCSP
DOI:
10.1109/focs54457.2022.00095
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Shuichi Hirahara
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shuichi Hirahara;Nobutaka Shimizu;Shuichi Hirahara
A long-standing open question in computational learning theory is to prove NP-hardness of learning efficient programs, the setting of which is in between proper learning and improper learning. Ko (COLT’90, SICOMP’91) explicitly raised this open question and demonstrated its difficulty by proving that there exists no relativizing proof of NP-hardness of learning programs. In this paper, we overcome Ko’s relativization barrier and prove NP-hardness of learning programs under randomized polynomial-time many-one reductions. Our result is provably non-relativizing, and comes somewhat close to the parameter range of improper learning: We observe that mildly improving our inapproximability factor is sufficient to exclude Heuristica, i.e., show the equivalence between average-case and worst-case complexities of N P. We also make progress on another long-standing open question of showing NP-hardness of the Minimum Circuit Size Problem (MCSP). We prove NP-hardness of the partial function variant of MCSP as well as other meta-computational problems, such as the problems MKTP*and MINKT*of computing the time-bounded Kolmogorov complexity of a given partial string, under randomized polynomial-time reductions. Our proofs are algorithmic information (a.k. a. Kolmogorov complexity) theoretic. We utilize black-box pseudorandom generator constructions, such as the Nisan-Wigderson generator, as a one-time encryption scheme secure against a program which “does not know” a random function. Our key technical contribution is to quantify the “knowledge” of a program by using conditional Kolmogorov complexity and show that no small program can know many random functions.
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DOI:
10.1109/sfcs.2003.1238205
发表时间:
2003
期刊:
44th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 2003. Proceedings.
影响因子:
--
作者:
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通讯作者:
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DOI:
10.1137/060664537
发表时间:
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期刊:
SIAM J. Comput.
影响因子:
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影响因子:
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作者:
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DOI:
10.4230/lipics.itcs.2020.34
发表时间:
2020
期刊:
2023 IEEE 64th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS)
影响因子:
--
作者:
Rahul Ilango
通讯作者:
Rahul Ilango
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
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通讯作者:
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