Sugar intake, soft drink consumption and body weight among British children: Further analysis of National Diet and Nutrition Survey data with adjustment for under-reporting and physical activity
Sugar intake, soft drink consumption and body weight among British children: Further analysis of National Diet and Nutrition Survey data with adjustment for under-reporting and physical activity
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/09637480701288363
复制
发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Neate, Deborah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gibson, Sigrid;Neate, Deborah
我们研究了体重指数（BMI）与非牛奶外源性糖（NMES）和热量软饮料摄入量之间的关系，使用来自英国国家饮食和营养调查的7天食物记录，营养摄入量，BMI测量值和7天体力活动（PA）日记（n = 1，294，7 - 18岁）。NMES和含热量的软饮料（不包括100%果汁）通过其对能量摄入的贡献进行量化。体重指数z分数是根据英国参考曲线计算的，国际肥胖工作组（IOTF）的临界值被用来定义超重。调整低报和节食后，BMI z评分与NMES能量百分比呈弱负相关（r =-0.06，P = 0.03）.来自软饮料的能量百分比与BMI z评分或PA无关。在排除报告不足者和节食者后，最重的儿童（最高五分之一：BMI z-评分的Q5）比最低五分之一（Q1）消耗更多的总能量（+1，220 kJ/天），但只有60 kJ（5%）来自软饮料。在逻辑回归中（调整了年龄和性别、报告不足和节食），超重与能量摄入（MJ）呈正相关（比值比[ OR] = 1.58，置信区间[ CI] = 1.42 - 1.77）和久坐活动（h）（OR = 1.11，CI = 1.01 ~ 1.23），与中度/剧烈活动（h）呈负相关（OR = 0.71，CI = 0.58 ~ 0.86）。在宏观营养模型中，高脂肪和蛋白质摄入量（最高三分位数vs最低三分位数，g/天）与超重呈正相关（OR > 2.5，PB < 0.001），而淀粉的影响较小（OR = 1.60，CI = 1.0 - 2.55，PB < 0.05）。高热量软饮料摄入量的前三分位数与超重弱相关（OR = 1.39，CI = 0.96 = 2.0，P= 0.08），而其他来源的NMES显示无相关性（OR = 0.81，CI = 0.52 - 1.27，P = 0.4）。与高热量软饮料相关的风险似乎是非线性的，只有极高消费者的几率增加（前五分位，平均870 kJ/天; OR = 1.67，CI = 1.04 - 2.66，P = 0.03）。这些数据与NMES或高热量软饮料在英国儿童和青少年肥胖中的任何特定作用并不一致，而是指向暴饮暴食和缺乏运动的一般作用。迫切需要成功干预的证据，但这些干预必须使用可靠的暴露测量（饮食和PA）和结果（BMI z评分，体脂，腰围），并有足够的时间表。
We investigated associations between body mass index ( BMI) and intake of non- milk extrinsic sugars ( NMES) and caloric soft drinks using weighed 7- day food records, nutrient intakes, BMI measurements and 7- day physical activity ( PA) diaries from the UK National Dietary and Nutritional Survey of Young People ( n = 1,294 aged 7 - 18 years). NMES and caloric soft drinks ( excluding 100% fruit juice) were quantified by their contribution to energy intake. BMI z- scores were calculated from UK reference curves and International Obesity Task Force ( IOTF) cut- off values were used to define overweight. The BMI z- score was weakly inversely correlated with percentage energy from NMES after adjustment for under- reporting and dieting ( r = - 0.06, P = 0.03). The percentage of energy from soft drinks was not associated with the BMI z- score or PA. After excluding under-reporters and dieters, the heaviest children ( top quintile: Q5 of BMI z- scores) consumed more total energy ( + 1,220 kJ/ day) than those in the lowest quintile ( Q1), but only 60 kJ ( 5%) was from soft drinks. In logistic regression ( adjusted for age and gender, under- reporting, and dieting), overweight was positively associated with energy intake ( MJ) ( odds ratio [ OR] = 1.58, confidence interval [ CI] = 1.42 - 1.77) and sedentary activity ( h) ( OR = 1.11, CI = 1.01 - 1.23), and inversely associated with moderate/ vigorous activity ( h) ( OR = 0.71, CI = 0.58 - 0.86). In the macro-nutrient model, high fat and protein intake ( top tertile vs lowest tertile, g/ day) were positively associated with overweight ( OR > 2.5, PB < 0.001) while starch had less impact ( OR = 1.60, CI = 1.0 - 2.55, PB < 0.05). Top tertile intakes of caloric soft drinks were weakly associated with overweight ( OR = 1.39, CI = 0.96 = 2.0, P= 0.08), while other sources of NMES showed no association ( OR = 0.81, CI = 0.52 - 1.27, P = 0.4). Risk associated with caloric soft drinks appeared non- linear with an increase in odds only for very high consumers ( top quintile, mean 870 kJ/ day; OR = 1.67, CI = 1.04 - 2.66, P = 0.03). These data are not consistent with any specific role for NMES or caloric soft drinks in obesity among British children and adolescents, but point instead to a general role of overeating and physical inactivity. Evidence of successful interventions is urgently needed but these must use reliable measurements of exposure ( diet and PA) and outcome ( BMI z- score, body fat, waist circumference) and have a sufficient timescale.