Tree species differentiation in growth, recruitment and allometry in relation to maximum height in a Bornean mixed dipterocarp forest
Tree species differentiation in growth, recruitment and allometry in relation to maximum height in a Bornean mixed dipterocarp forest
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00810.x
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发表时间：
2003-10-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Kubo, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kohyama, T;Suzuki, E;Kubo, T
1热带雨林中不同树种的最大可达高度差异很大，并与人口统计学和异速生长性状相关。我们研究了这些关系，在27丰富的树种在一个混合的龙脑香林。在婆罗洲西部的两个1公顷的地块，这些物种进行了监测超过3年。使用95百分位数的身高上限来代表最大身高，以避免群体之间的样本量差异。2使用最大似然模型并假设生长率围绕平均值呈指数分布，对树干直径的平均生长率进行回归。在小树干直径（高达11厘米）的估计平均增长率是独立的最大高度的27个物种，而在较大的直径的增长减少的程度是较大的最大高度较小的物种。3的补充率效率与最大高度呈负相关，无论用于评估物种丰富度的措施。特别是，每单位断面积的树苗补充量随着最大高度的增加而大幅下降，与模型预测的林冠内不同高度物种稳定共存所需的性状一致。异速生长分析表明，林下物种在相同树干直径下的高度较短，在相同树高下的树冠较深。因此，下层物种表现出适应形态深阴。5回归的大小依赖的平均增长率的模式和假设，人口处于稳定状态很容易解释观察到的树干直径分布27个物种中的21个检查。当种群的自然增长或减少被设定为伽马= +/- 0.005年（-1）时，这些物种的预测大小分布几乎没有变化，其死亡率是伽马值的四倍多。
1 Maximum attainable height varies greatly between tree species in tropical rain forests and covaries with demographic and allometric traits. We examined these relationships in 27 abundant tree species in a mixed dipterocarp forest. These species were monitored over 3 years in two 1-ha plots in western Borneo. A 95-percentile upper height limit was used to represent maximum height, to avoid sample size differences among populations.2 Average growth rate in trunk diameter was regressed against trunk diameter using a maximum likelihood model and assuming that growth rates were exponentially distributed around the average. Estimated average growth rate at small trunk diameters ( up to 11 cm) was independent of maximum height among the 27 species, while the degree of growth reduction at larger diameters was larger for species with smaller maximum height.3 The recruitment rate efficiency of saplings was negatively correlated with maximum height, regardless of the measure used to assess species abundance. In particular, sapling recruitment per unit basal area declined greatly with increasing maximum height, consistent with model predictions of the traits required for the stable coexistence of species at different heights within the canopy.4 Allometric analyses showed that understorey species had shorter heights at the same trunk diameter, and deeper crowns at the same tree height, than canopy species. Therefore, understorey species showed adaptive morphology to deep shade.5 The regressed size-dependent pattern of average growth rate and an assumption that the population was in a steady state readily explained the observed trunk diameter distributions for 21 species among 27 examined. These species, for which the projected size distribution hardly changed when the natural increase or decrease of the population was set at gamma = +/- 0.005 year(-1), had mortality rates of more than four times the value of gamma.