Role of Microvesicles in Acute Kidney Injury
Role of Microvesicles in Acute Kidney Injury
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DOI：
10.1159/000329397
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tetta, Ciro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Camussi, Giovanni;Cantaluppi, Vincenzo;Tetta, Ciro
微泡的主要功能是通过与靶细胞的特异性相互作用和传递基因产物来传递信号。因此，它们可能参与生理和病理过程。对MV分子特异性的进一步了解使得能够识别细胞来源，并可能在未来提供新的诊断工具。事实上，越来越多的证据表明，MV可以提供各种疾病的预后信息，如慢性炎症，心血管和肾脏疾病，病理性妊娠，肿瘤和败血症。体液中MV的存在使其易于接近。它们的数量、细胞来源、组成和功能可能取决于疾病的状态。例如，在脓毒症中，活化的内皮细胞可能脱落MV，这可能触发白细胞和单核细胞的产生并释放促氧化剂和炎症介质。来自血小板的MV可触发弥散性血管内凝血病。毫无疑问，MV也参与调节免疫，未来的研究将阐明其在负调节细胞反应中的功能作用。此外，识别MV传递的信号可能会开辟新的治疗策略。从血浆中去除有害的MV在MV传递血栓形成和炎症信号的病理条件下可能是有益的。另一方面，来自干细胞的MV可以重新编程靶细胞中改变的功能，这表明它们可以在再生医学中用于修复受损组织。我们将讨论干细胞衍生的MV在急性肾损伤修复中的作用。版权所有（C）2011 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
The main function of microvesicles (MVs) is signaling through specific interactions with target cells and transferring gene products. Therefore, they may participate in physiological and pathological processes. Gaining further insights into the molecular specificity of MVs has allowed identifying the cellular source and may provide new diagnostic tools in the future. Indeed, an increasing body of evidence indicates that MVs may offer prognostic information in various diseases such as chronic inflammation, cardiovascular and renal diseases, pathological pregnancy, tumors, and sepsis. The presence of MVs in body fluids makes them readily accessible. Their number, cellular origin, composition and function can be dependent on the state of the disease. In sepsis for example, activated endothelial cells may shed MVs that might trigger leukocyte and monocyte production and release pro-oxidant and inflammatory mediators. MVs from platelets may trigger disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. MVs are no doubt also involved in modulating immunity and future studies will clarify their functional role in negatively modulating the cell response. In addition, the recognition of the signals delivered by MVs may open new therapeutic strategies. The removal of harmful MVs from plasma may be beneficial in pathological conditions where MVs deliver thrombogenic and inflammatory signals. On the other hand, MVs derived from stem cells may reprogram altered functions in target cells suggesting that they could be exploited in regenerative medicine to repair damaged tissues. We will discuss the role of stem cell-derived MVs in the repair of acute kidney injury. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel