More Than Meets the Eye in Bacterial Cellulose: Biosynthesis, Bioprocessing, and Applications in Advanced Fiber Composites
More Than Meets the Eye in Bacterial Cellulose: Biosynthesis, Bioprocessing, and Applications in Advanced Fiber Composites
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DOI：
10.1002/mabi.201300298
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Bismarck, Alexander
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, Koon-Yang;Buldum, Gizem;Bismarck, Alexander
细菌纤维素（BC）纳米纤维是自然界产生的最坚硬的有机材料之一。它由纯纤维素组成，不含植物纤维素中常见的杂质。本文综述了纤维素产菌的代谢途径和木醋杆菌的遗传途径。讨论了BC的发酵生产及培养细菌的生物工艺参数。综述了培养基组成、pH、温度和氧含量对BC形态和产量的影响。此外，综述了迄今为止在细菌基因改造以提高BC产量和大规模生产BC的各种生物反应器，即静态和搅拌培养，搅拌池，气升式，气溶胶，旋转和膜反应器方面取得的进展。深入讨论了BC商业化规模生产面临的挑战，并比较了各种生物反应器的效率。在BC的应用方面，重点介绍了BC在高级纤维复合材料中的应用，以制造下一代真正绿色、可持续、可再生的分层复合材料。
Bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers are one of the stiffest organic materials produced by nature. It consists of pure cellulose without the impurities that are commonly found in plant-based cellulose. This review discusses the metabolic pathways of cellulose-producing bacteria and the genetic pathways of Acetobacter xylinum. The fermentative production of BC and the bioprocess parameters for the cultivation of bacteria are also discussed. The influence of the composition of the culture medium, pH, temperature, and oxygen content on the morphology and yield of BC are reviewed. In addition, the progress made to date on the genetic modification of bacteria to increase the yield of BC and the large-scale production of BC using various bioreactors, namely static and agitated cultures, stirred tank, airlift, aerosol, rotary, and membrane reactors, is reviewed. The challenges in commercial scale production of BC are thoroughly discussed and the efficiency of various bioreactors is compared. In terms of the application of BC, particular emphasis is placed on the utilization of BC in advanced fiber composites to manufacture the next generation truly green, sustainable and renewable hierarchical composites.