Proprotein convertase cleavage liberates a fibrillogenic fragment of a resident glycoprotein to initiate melanosome biogenesis.

Proprotein convertase cleavage liberates a fibrillogenic fragment of a resident glycoprotein to initiate melanosome biogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.200302072
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发表时间:
2003-05-12
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Marks MS
Marks MS
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Berson JF;Theos AC;Harper DC;Tenza D;Raposo G;Marks MS

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溶酶体相关细胞器是细胞类型特异性的细胞内区室,具有不同的形态和功能。控制其独特结构特征形成的分子机制尚不清楚。黑素体及其前体是溶酶体相关的细胞器,其形态学特征是黑色素在其上聚合的腔内纤维条纹。整合膜蛋白 Pmel17 是原纤维的一个组成部分,可以在没有其他色素细胞特异性蛋白质的情况下使原纤维的形成成核。在这里,我们发现腔内原纤维的形成需要弗林蛋白酶样前蛋白转化酶 (PC) 裂解 Pmel17。与淀粉样蛋白的生成一样,Pmel17 的适当切割会释放出一个管腔结构域片段,该片段并入原纤维中;在没有 PC 活性的情况下生成的较长 Pmel17 片段无法形成有组织的原纤维。我们的结果表明,PC 依赖性裂解通过控制常驻蛋白的原纤维形成活性来调节黑素体生物发生。与淀粉样蛋白生成的病理过程一样,其他组织特异性细胞器结构的形成可能类似地依赖于生理原纤维形成底物的蛋白水解激活。
Lysosome-related organelles are cell type–specific intracellular compartments with distinct morphologies and functions. The molecular mechanisms governing the formation of their unique structural features are not known. Melanosomes and their precursors are lysosome-related organelles that are characterized morphologically by intralumenal fibrous striations upon which melanins are polymerized. The integral membrane protein Pmel17 is a component of the fibrils and can nucleate their formation in the absence of other pigment cell–specific proteins. Here, we show that formation of intralumenal fibrils requires cleavage of Pmel17 by a furin-like proprotein convertase (PC). As in the generation of amyloid, proper cleavage of Pmel17 liberates a lumenal domain fragment that becomes incorporated into the fibrils; longer Pmel17 fragments generated in the absence of PC activity are unable to form organized fibrils. Our results demonstrate that PC-dependent cleavage regulates melanosome biogenesis by controlling the fibrillogenic activity of a resident protein. Like the pathologic process of amyloidogenesis, the formation of other tissue-specific organelle structures may be similarly dependent on proteolytic activation of physiological fibrillogenic substrates.
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期刊: The Journal of cell biology
影响因子: --
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