The Effects of Perceived Discrimination on Immigrant and Refugee Physical and Mental Health.
The Effects of Perceived Discrimination on Immigrant and Refugee Physical and Mental Health.
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DOI：
10.1108/s1057-629020190000019009
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bauldry, Shawn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Szaflarski, Magdalena;Bauldry, Shawn
目的：歧视已被确定为移民健康的主要压力源和影响因素。这项研究考察了人们认为的歧视与其他因素，特别是文化适应，在移民和难民身心健康方面的作用。方法/方法：美国成年人（18岁以上）的数据来自全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查。用SF-12评估心理和身体健康状况。文化适应和感知歧视用多维测量进行评估。采用结构方程模型估计文化适应、压力生活效应、感知歧视和社会支持对移民和难民健康的影响。结果：在第一代移民中，医疗保健歧视与身体健康呈负相关，而总体歧视与心理健康呈负相关。社会支持与身心健康呈正相关，并在歧视与健康之间起中介作用。在难民中，歧视与健康之间没有显著关联，但关联的方向和程度与第一代移民相似。影响：旨在减少歧视和加强对移民的融合/社会支持的努力可能有助于维持和保护移民的健康和福祉。有必要使用更大的难民样本进行进一步研究，并测试关键社会/心理社会变量对移民健康结果的调节作用。独创性/价值：本研究使用健康、感知歧视和文化适应的多维措施，在国家层面上检查影响移民和难民健康的关键社会/心理社会因素之间的途径。这项研究可能包括了最大的国家难民样本。
PURPOSE: Discrimination has been identified as a major stressor and influence on immigrant health. This study examined the role of perceived discrimination in relation to other factors, in particular, acculturation, in physical and mental health of immigrants and refugees.METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Data for US adults (18+ years) were derived from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Mental and physical health was assessed with SF-12. Acculturation and perceived discrimination were assessed with multidimensional measures. Structural equation models were used to estimate the effects of acculturation, stressful life effects, perceived discrimination, and social support on health among immigrants and refugees.FINDINGS: Among first-generation immigrants, discrimination in health care had a negative association with physical health while discrimination in general had a negative association with mental health. Social support had positive associations with physical and mental health and mediated the association of discrimination to health. There were no significant associations between discrimination and health among refugees, but the direction and magnitude of associations were similar to those for first-generation immigrants.IMPLICATIONS: Efforts aiming at reducing discrimination and enhancing integration/social support for immigrants are likely to help with maintaining and protecting immigrants' health and well-being. Further research using larger samples of refugees and testing moderating effects of key social/psychosocial variables on immigrant health outcomes is warranted.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This study used multidimensional measures of health, perceived discrimination, and acculturation to examine the pathways between key social/psychosocial factors in health of immigrants and refugees at the national level. This study included possibly the largest national sample of refugees.