Walnut ingestion in adults at risk for diabetes: effects on body composition, diet quality, and cardiac risk measures.
Walnut ingestion in adults at risk for diabetes: effects on body composition, diet quality, and cardiac risk measures.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjdrc-2015-000115
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Katz DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Njike VY;Ayettey R;Petraro P;Treu JA;Katz DL
尽管核桃的能量密度很高，但它可以被纳入饮食中，而不会对体重或身体成分产生不利影响。习惯食用核桃对总热量摄入的影响还没有得到很好的研究。对整体饮食质量的影响还没有报道。随机、对照、改良拉丁方平行设计研究，有两个治疗组。112名参与者被随机分配到有或没有饮食咨询来调整卡路里摄入量的饮食中。在每个治疗组中，参与者被进一步随机分配到两种可能的序列排列中的一种，接受每天56克（提供366千卡）核桃的核桃饮食和不含核桃的饮食。研究人员对参与者的饮食质量、身体成分和心脏病风险指标进行了评估。通过健康饮食指数2010（9.14±17.71 vs 0.40±15.13;p=0.02和7.02±15.89 vs -5.92±21.84;p=0.001）测量，与不含核桃的饮食相比，含核桃的饮食6个月，有或没有饮食咨询来调整热量摄入，显著改善了饮食质量。在含有核桃的饮食中，内皮功能、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇较基线显著改善。身体质量指数、体脂百分比、内脏脂肪、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白和血压没有显著变化。在随意饮食中加入核桃6个月，有或没有饮食咨询来调整卡路里摄入，显著改善了饮食质量、内皮功能、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇，但对人体测量、血糖水平和血压没有影响。NCT02330848
Despite their energy density, walnuts can be included in the diet without adverse effects on weight or body composition. The effect of habitual walnut intake on total calorie intake is not well studied. Effects on overall diet quality have not been reported. Randomized, controlled, modified Latin square parallel design study with 2 treatment arms. The 112 participants were randomly assigned to a diet with or without dietary counseling to adjust calorie intake. Within each treatment arm, participants were further randomized to 1 of the 2 possible sequence permutations to receive a walnut-included diet with 56 g (providing 366 kcal) of walnuts per day and a walnut-excluded diet. Participants were assessed for diet quality, body composition, and cardiac risk measures. When compared with a walnut-excluded diet, a walnut-included diet for 6 months, with or without dietary counseling to adjust caloric intake, significantly improved diet quality as measured by the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (9.14±17.71 vs 0.40±15.13; p=0.02 and 7.02±15.89 vs -5.92±21.84; p=0.001, respectively). Endothelial function, total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol improved significantly from baseline in the walnut-included diet. Body mass index, percent body fat, visceral fat, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and blood pressure did not change significantly. The inclusion of walnuts in an ad libitum diet for 6 months, with or without dietary counseling to adjust calorie intake, significantly improved diet quality, endothelial function, total and LDL cholesterol, but had no effects on anthropometric measures, blood glucose level, and blood pressure. NCT02330848