Timing of the Infancy-Childhood Growth Transition in Rural Gambia
Timing of the Infancy-Childhood Growth Transition in Rural Gambia
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2020.00142
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发表时间：
2020-03-24
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Moore, Sophie E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernstein, Robin M.;O'Connor, G. Kesler;Moore, Sophie E.
人类生长的Karlberg模型将婴儿期、儿童期和青春期（ICP）阶段描述为连续和重叠的，并由几种内分泌因素的连续附加效应驱动的过渡定义，这些内分泌因素塑造了生长轨迹和由此产生的成年体型。先前的研究表明，从婴儿期到儿童期生长阶段的延迟过渡有助于次优的生长结果。一种新的方法开发来分析百分位数交叉在生命早期的结构已经成为一个潜在的工具，用于识别婴儿期-儿童期过渡（ICT），通过量化模式相邻的每月体重-年龄z-得分（WAZ）偏差相关性。使用这种方法，婴儿期-儿童期过渡被确定为发生在英国婴儿的两个队列中的12个月左右。在这里，我们将这种方法应用于冈比亚农村纵向生长研究的一部分收集的数据[生长的激素和表观遗传调节因子，或HERO-G研究，N = 212（F = 99，M = 113）]，以确定ICT并评估这种过渡的时间是否因性别或出生季节性而异。我们计算了相邻月份WAZ评分偏差的Pearson相关系数。根据相关结构随时间变化的模式，我们的研究结果表明，婴儿-儿童过渡发生在冈比亚农村婴儿9个月左右的年龄。这表明与英国婴儿相比，ICT加速，而不是延迟。在英国婴儿中观察到的相对较晚的过渡，允许在婴儿期阶段最大限度地延长高生长率;冈比亚婴儿中观察到的较早过渡缩短了这一快速生长期，可能影响儿童期的生长结果，同时将能量转移到对应对急性感染性挑战至关重要的其他过程中。这一人群在后期发育阶段的增长为追赶提供了一个延长的窗口。
The Karlberg model of human growth describes the infancy, childhood, and puberty (ICP) stages as continuous and overlapping, and defined by transitions driven by sequential additional effects of several endocrine factors that shape the growth trajectory and resultant adult size. Previous research has suggested that a delayed transition from the infancy to the childhood growth stage contributes to sub-optimal growth outcomes. A new method developed to analyze the structure of centile crossing in early life has emerged as a potential tool for identifying the infancy-childhood transition (ICT), through quantifying patterns of adjacent monthly weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) deviation correlations. Using this method, the infancy-childhood transition was identified as taking place at around 12 months of age in two cohorts of UK infants. Here, we apply this method to data collected as part of a longitudinal growth study in rural Gambia [the Hormonal and Epigenetic Regulators of Growth, or HERO-G study, N = 212 (F = 99, M = 113)], in order to identify the ICT and assess whether timing of this transition differs across groups based on sex or birth seasonality. We calculated Pearson correlation coefficients for adjacent monthly WAZ score deviations. Based on the patterns of change in the correlation structure over time, our results suggest that the infancy-childhood transition occurs at around 9 months of age in rural Gambian infants. This points to an accelerated ICT compared to UK infants, rather than a delayed ICT. A comparatively later transition, seen in UK infants, allows maximal extension of the high rates of growth during the infancy stage; an earlier transition as seen in Gambian infants cuts short this period of rapid growth, potentially impacting on growth outcomes in childhood while diverting energy into other processes critical to responses to acute infectious challenges. Growth in later developmental stages in this population offers an extended window for catch-up.