Improved maps of surface water bodies, large dams, reservoirs, and lakes in China
Improved maps of surface water bodies, large dams, reservoirs, and lakes in China
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DOI：
10.5194/essd-14-3757-2022
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发表时间：
2022-08
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Xinxin Wang;Xiangming Xiao;Yuanwei Qin;Jinwei Dong;Jihua Wu;Bo Li-
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xinxin Wang;Xiangming Xiao;Yuanwei Qin;Jinwei Dong;Jihua Wu;Bo Li-
抽象的。地表水体的数据和知识，包括大型湖泊和水库（地表水面积> 1平方公里），对于水资源的管理和可持续性至关重要。然而，现有的全球或国家大坝数据集对许多水库具有较大的地理参考坐标偏移，并且一些数据集没有单独报告水库和湖泊。在这项研究中，我们通过分析Google Earth Engine中2019年所有可用的Landsat图像（19，338张图像）和Google Earth Pro中的超高空间分辨率图像，生成了中国地表水体，大型水坝，水库和湖泊（China-LDRL）数据集。2019年，中国有13.52 × 106个长达一年的SWB多边形，其中只有0.01 × 106个（0.43%）是大尺寸的（> 1 km 2）。这些大型SWB多边形的面积占中国地表水总面积214.92 × 103 km 2的83.54%。我们确定了2418座大坝，包括624座河外大坝和1794座河内大坝，2194座大型水库（16.35 × 103 km 2），3051个大型湖泊（73.38 × 103 km 2）。总体而言，我国的水库大坝主要分布在华南、华东和东北地区，湖泊主要分布在西部、长江下游和东北地区。提供可靠、准确的中国-LDRL大型水库/大坝和湖泊数据集将增强我们对中国水资源管理和水安全的理解。China-LDRL数据集可在https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16964656.v3公开获得（Wang et al.，2021 b）。
Abstract. Data and knowledge of surface water bodies (SWB), including large lakes and reservoirs (surface water areas > 1 km2), are critical for the management and sustainability of water resources. However, the existing global or national dam datasets have large georeferenced coordinate offsets for many reservoirs, and some datasets have not reported reservoirs and lakes separately. In this study, we generated China's surface water bodies, Large Dams, Reservoirs, and Lakes (China-LDRL) dataset by analyzing all available Landsat imagery in 2019 (19 338 images) in Google Earth Engine and very-high spatial resolution imagery in Google Earth Pro. There were ∼ 3.52 × 106 yearlong SWB polygons in China for 2019, only 0.01 × 106 of them (0.43 %) were of large size (> 1 km2). The areas of these large SWB polygons accounted for 83.54 % of the total 214.92 × 103 km2 yearlong surface water area (SWA) in China. We identified 2418 large dams, including 624 off-stream dams and 1794 on-stream dams, 2194 large reservoirs (16.35 × 103 km2), and 3051 large lakes (73.38 × 103 km2). In general, most of the dams and reservoirs in China were distributed in South China, East China, and Northeast China, whereas most of lakes were located in West China, the lower Yangtze River basin, and Northeast China. The provision of the reliable, accurate China-LDRL dataset on large reservoirs/dams and lakes will enhance our understanding of water resources management and water security in China. The China-LDRL dataset is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16964656.v3 (Wang et al., 2021b).