Historical aspects, current status and prospects of pejerrey aquaculture in South America
Historical aspects, current status and prospects of pejerrey aquaculture in South America
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2109.2008.01930.x
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发表时间：
2008-05-12
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Strussmann, Carlos A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Somoza, Gustavo M.;Miranda, Leandro A.;Strussmann, Carlos A.
波纳里齿鲷（学名：Odontesthes bonariensis，学名：Pejerrey）是一种生活在阿根廷、乌拉圭和巴西南部的潘帕斯草原的内陆鱼类。Pejerrey是该地区非常受欢迎的鱼类，在国内和国际上有着悠久的引进历史，这证明了其肉的高质量和市场价值，以及其作为游戏鱼的吸引力。pejerrey的理想特性也使其成为水产养殖的良好候选者，并且在世纪前在阿根廷开始了对pejerrey养殖（养鹅业）的第一次试验。尽管人们对养鹅业的发展很感兴趣，但进展甚微，养鹅业仍限于为体育捕鱼目的进行繁殖和放养。本文综述了养殖业的发展历史，以及到目前为止制约养殖业发展的生物、技术、科学、文化和基础设施等方面的因素。我们还提出了与南美国家的社会经济条件相适应的佩杰里水产养殖发展的可能方案。我们的预测亦考虑到最近有关贝氏鱼生物学的科学发现，海产加工、储存和运输的技术进步，以及海产消费和国际市场的最新趋势。最佳的生产战略仍有待于通过反复试验来确定，但最初的生产可能应侧重于优质或国际市场的差异化高质量鱼类，而不是试图与来自自然来源的廉价鱼类竞争。与日本的一个国际合作项目成功地证明了在阿根廷人工饲养和大规模生产种子的可行性，并为发展该物种的集约和粗放养殖奠定了基础。
The pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis (Valenciennes, 1835) is an inland water fish from the Pampas region comprising part of Argentina, Uruguay and the South of Brazil. Pejerrey is a very popular fish in this region and has a long history of domestic and international introductions, which attests to the high quality and market value of its flesh, as well as its attractiveness as a game fish. The desirable characteristics of pejerrey also make it a good candidate for aquaculture, and the first trials on pejerrey cultivation (atheriniculture) were started more than a century ago in Argentina. In spite of the considerable interest in its development, little progress has been made and atheriniculture is still restricted to propagation and stocking for sport fishing purposes. In this review, we summarize the history of atheriniculture and the biological, technological, scientific, cultural and infrastructural constraints to pejerrey aquaculture development thus far. We also suggest possible scenarios of pejerrey aquaculture development compatible with the socio-economic conditions of South American countries. Our projections also take into consideration recent scientific findings on the biology of pejerrey and technological advances in seafood processing, storage and transportation, as well as the latest trends of seafood consumption and international markets. The best production strategy remains to be determined by trial and error but it is likely that, initially, production should focus on a differentiated, high-quality fish for the premium or international markets rather than attempting to compete with the cheap fish from natural sources. An international cooperation project with Japan has successfully demonstrated the feasibility of breeding pejerrey in captivity and mass producing seeds efficiently in Argentina, and has provided the foundation for the development of intensive and extensive farming of this species.