Burn severity in Araucaria araucana forests of northern Patagonia: tree mortality scales up to burn severity at plot scale, mediated by topography and climatic context
Burn severity in Araucaria araucana forests of northern Patagonia: tree mortality scales up to burn severity at plot scale, mediated by topography and climatic context
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DOI：
10.1007/s11258-022-01241-w
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发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
M. G. Franco;I. Mundo;T. Veblen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. G. Franco;I. Mundo;T. Veblen
气候变化正在迫使野火制度发生变化，改变火灾后的过程，并威胁到物种和生态系统的持久性。评估火灾后转换为替代植被类型的潜力的关键是了解烧伤严重程度的驱动因素，这反过来又影响着决定火灾后恢复的物质遗产。在安第斯巴塔哥尼亚，焦植（火促进）灌木丛并列与火敏感物种的嫌火（火抑制）森林被充分记录为火灾蔓延和烧伤严重程度的驱动程序。然而，高耐火性南洋杉的能力，无论是促进或抑制烧伤的严重程度，以前没有被检查。本研究使用现场和遥感数据，以检查哪些变量控制烧伤严重程度在树，情节和火灾事件规模的大火burnedA。在1987年至2014年的四次大型火灾事件中，以南洋杉为主的植被。Logistic模型分别为三个尺度，以测试烧伤严重程度的影响因素。我们的研究结果表明，在个体树的水平上，树冠连通性，树的大小，和物种强烈影响个体树的死亡概率。在地块水平上，林分蓄积参数对烧伤严重程度的预测性较低。在大尺度上，植被类型和地形，沿着气候和天气条件是烧伤严重程度的主要驱动因素。这些发现量化了更大的树的大小在耐火材料的生存的重要性。阿劳卡那和加强了与森林相比，与高大灌木植被有关的火灾严重程度更大的区域格局。
Climate change is forcing shifts in wildfire regimes, altering post-fire processes, and threatening the persistence of species and ecosystems. Key to assessing the potential for post-fire conversion to an alternate vegetation type is understanding drivers of burn severity, which in turn influence the material legacies that determine post-fire recovery. In Andean Patagonia, pyrophytic (fire promoting) shrublands juxtaposed with pyrophobic (fire inhibiting) forests of fire-sensitive species are well documented as drivers of fire spread and burn severity. However, the capacity of the highly fire- resistantAraucaria araucanato either promote or dampen burn severity has not previously been examined. This study uses field and remotely sensed data to examine which variables control burn severity at tree-, plot- and fire event-scales in large fires that burnedA. araucana-dominated vegetation in four large fire events from 1987 to 2014. Logistic models were developed for each of the three scales to test for the factors influencing burn severity. Our results show that at the level of the individual tree, crown connectivity, tree size, and species strongly affect probability of death of individual trees. At a plot level, stand stocking parameters are less strongly predictive of burn severity. At a landscape-scale, vegetation type and topography, along with climatic and weather conditions are strong drivers of burn severity. These findings quantify the importance of greater tree size in the survival of the fire-resistantA. araucanaand reinforce the regional pattern of greater fire severity being associated with tall shrubland vegetation in comparison to forests.