Coupled 5' nucleotide recognition and processivity in Xrn1-mediated mRNA decay.

Coupled 5' nucleotide recognition and processivity in Xrn1-mediated mRNA decay.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2011.02.004
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发表时间:
2011-03-04
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Doudna JA
Doudna JA
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jinek M;Coyle SM;Doudna JA

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信使RNA衰变在真核生物基因表达的调控和监视中起着核心作用。保守的多结构域外核糖核酸酶Xrn1靶向胞质RNA底物,以5 ‘单磷酸标记,通过未知机制进行5 ’到3 '的降解。本文报道了xrn1 -衬底配合物的晶体结构。单链底物通过在芳香侧链之间堆叠5 ‘端三核苷酸来保持原位,而高度碱性的口袋专门识别5 ’磷酸。参与结合5 '端核苷酸的残基突变会损害Xrn1的加工能力。底物识别机制允许Xrn1将过程水解与具有足够长单链5 '悬垂的RNA底物的双溶结合起来。因此,Xrn1-底物复合物结构合理化了Xrn1对5 ' -单磷酸化底物的专一性,确保了mRNA周转的保真度,并提出了结构RNA底物易位偶联解绕的模型。
Messenger RNA decay plays a central role in the regulation and surveillance of eukaryotic gene expression. The conserved multi-domain exoribonuclease Xrn1 targets cytoplasmic RNA substrates marked by a 5′ monophosphate for processive 5′-to-3′ degradation by an unknown mechanism. Here we report the crystal structure of an Xrn1-substrate complex. The single-stranded substrate is held in place by stacking of the 5′-terminal trinucleotide between aromatic side chains while a highly basic pocket specifically recognizes the 5′ phosphate. Mutations of residues involved in binding the 5′-terminal nucleotide impair Xrn1 processivity. The substrate recognition mechanism allows Xrn1 to couple processive hydrolysis to duplex melting in RNA substrates with sufficiently long single-stranded 5′ overhangs. The Xrn1-substrate complex structure thus rationalizes the exclusive specificity of Xrn1 for 5′-monophosphorylated substrates, ensuring fidelity of mRNA turnover, and posits a model for translocation-coupled unwinding of structured RNA substrates.
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