Cellular Contributors to Bone Homeostasis
Cellular Contributors to Bone Homeostasis
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-46725-8_16
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Rauner;K. Jähn;H. Hemmatian;J. Colditz;C. Goettsch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Rauner;K. Jähn;H. Hemmatian;J. Colditz;C. Goettsch
骨是一种复杂的动态组织，除了其生物力学特性外，还含有造血和免疫系统的干细胞和前体细胞。骨骼经历持续的重塑过程以维持适当的骨稳态。骨吸收与骨形成的平衡和耦合通过不同细胞类型的受控作用进行微调：骨形成成骨细胞、骨吸收破骨细胞和作为关键通讯者的骨细胞。这确保了适当的骨量和质量。在病理生理条件下，这些机制的损伤触发骨重建失调，导致骨量丢失和/或骨微结构改变。本章涉及骨稳态的细胞贡献者-成骨细胞，破骨细胞，骨细胞和免疫细胞的功能和调节。此外，我们讨论了目前的知识耦合骨吸收和骨形成。最后，我们给出了一个概述器官间串扰的作用，通过骨分泌的因素，作为通讯员到外周器官。
Bone is a complex and dynamic tissue that, in addition to its biomechanical properties, harbors stem cells and precursor cells of the hematopoietic and immune system. The skeleton undergoes continuous remodeling processes to maintain proper bone homeostasis. The equilibrium and coupling of bone resorption with bone formation is fine-tuned by the controlled actions of distinct cell types: bone-forming osteoblasts, bone-resorbing osteoclasts, and osteocytes as key communicators. This ensures proper bone mass and quality. Under pathophysiological conditions, the impairment of these mechanisms triggers bone remodeling dysregulation, causing loss in bone mass and/or alteration in bone microarchitecture.This chapter deals with the function and regulation of cellular contributors of bone homeostasis – osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and immune cells. Further, we discuss current knowledge on the coupling of bone resorption and bone formation. Finally, we give an overview about the role of inter-organ crosstalk through bone-secreted factors that act as communicators to peripheral organs.