The effect of migration on comparison of disease rates in geographic studies in the United States.
The effect of migration on comparison of disease rates in geographic studies in the United States.
复制标题
移民对美国地理研究中疾病发生率比较的影响。
DOI：
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复制
发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
L. Polissar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Polissar
通常在县或其他地理单位之间比较癌症发病率，作为测试环境暴露风险的方法。地理区域之间的迁移大大降低了该方法的灵敏度。在简化的假设下，使用美国的移民和癌症发病率数据显示了移民对风险估计的定量影响。例如，当比较暴露县和未暴露县之间的比率并且在 30 年潜伏期内发生迁移时，40--50% 的相对过度风险（定义为相对风险减一）并未反映在大多数癌症的估计风险中。还会发生更严重的灵敏度损失。在简化的假设下，移民对风险估计的定量影响显示为癌症部位、潜伏期以及计算比率的地理单位类型（州、县或地方）的函数。还讨论了这些发现对基于地理的研究的一些影响以及评估移民影响所需的额外数据。
Cancer rates are often compared between counties or other geographic units as a method of testing for risk from environmental exposures. Migration between geographic areas greatly reduces the sensitivity of this method. Under simplifying assumptions the quantitative effect of migration on risk estimates is shown using migration and cancer incidence data for the United States. For example, 40--50% of the relative excess risk, defined as the relative risk minus one, is not reflected in the estimated risk for most cancers, when rates are compared between exposed and unexposed counties and migration has taken place during a 30-year latent period. More extreme losses of sensitivity also occur. Under the simplifying assumptions, the quantitative effect of migration on risk estimates is shown as a function of cancer site, latent period, and the type of geographic units for which rates are calculated--states, counties, or places. Also discussed are some implications of these findings for geographically-based studies and additional data needs for assessing the effect of migration.