Gene-centric metagenomics of the fiber-adherent bovine rumen microbiome reveals forage specific glycoside hydrolases
Gene-centric metagenomics of the fiber-adherent bovine rumen microbiome reveals forage specific glycoside hydrolases
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0806191105
复制
发表时间：
2009-02-10
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
White, Bryan A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brulc, Jennifer M.;Antonopoulos, Dionysios A.;White, Bryan A.
瘤胃的复杂微生物组作为将植物细胞壁生物质转化为微生物蛋白质、短链脂肪酸和气体的有效系统发挥作用。因此，它为可用于生产生物燃料的植物细胞壁降解微生物酶提供了独特的遗传资源。瘤胃和胃肠道含有密集而复杂的微生物组。为了更好地了解这种微生物组的生态学和代谢潜力，我们使用比较宏基因组学（基于基因型分析和SEED子系统的注释）来检查来自3个纤维粘附微生物组和1个合并液体样品（来自相同牛瘤胃的液体微生物组组分的混合物）的随机采样的焦磷酸序列数据。即使3只动物饲喂相同的饮食，群落结构，预测的瘤胃类型和代谢潜力在瘤胃中的营养物质利用方面有显着差异。糖苷水解酶和多纤维素酶体功能基因的比较显示，在瘤胃微生物组中，纤维的初始定殖似乎是由具有攻击复杂植物多糖的容易获得的侧链而不是更易降解的主链（特别是纤维素）的酶的生物体进行的。此外，当与白蚁后肠微生物组相比时，糖苷水解酶含量存在根本性差异，这些差异似乎是牛瘤胃（牧草和豆类）或白蚁后肠（木材）的饮食驱动。
The complex microbiome of the rumen functions as an effective system for the conversion of plant cell wall biomass to microbial protein, short chain fatty acids, and gases. As such, it provides a unique genetic resource for plant cell wall degrading microbial enzymes that could be used in the production of biofuels. The rumen and gastrointestinal tract harbor a dense and complex microbiome. To gain a greater understanding of the ecology and metabolic potential of this microbiome, we used comparative metagenomics (phylotype analysis and SEED subsystems-based annotations) to examine randomly sampled pyrosequence data from 3 fiber-adherent microbiomes and 1 pooled liquid sample ( a mixture of the liquid microbiome fractions from the same bovine rumens). Even though the 3 animals were fed the same diet, the community structure, predicted phylotype, and metabolic potentials in the rumen were markedly different with respect to nutrient utilization. A comparison of the glycoside hydrolase and cellulosome functional genes revealed that in the rumen microbiome, initial colonization of fiber appears to be by organisms possessing enzymes that attack the easily available side chains of complex plant polysaccharides and not the more recalcitrant main chains, especially cellulose. Furthermore, when compared with the termite hindgut microbiome, there are fundamental differences in the glycoside hydrolase content that appear to be diet driven for either the bovine rumen ( forages and legumes) or the termite hindgut (wood).