R&D networks and regional innovation: a social network analysis of joint research projects in Japan
R&D networks and regional innovation: a social network analysis of joint research projects in Japan
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DOI：
10.1111/area.12055
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发表时间：
2013-12
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Yutaka Yokura;H. Matsubara;R. Sternberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yutaka Yokura;H. Matsubara;R. Sternberg
全球化以及结构和人口结构的变化正在给日本经济和许多地区经济带来重大挑战。在最初的几十年里，技术的国际转移是日本崛起为领先工业化国家之一的重要因素。然而，今天，在处理国家和区域竞争力问题时，重点是研究机构和私营公司之间的区域间和区域内技术转让。区域创新政策，特别是日本经济产业省(经济产业省)及其各地区局负责的政策，多年来一直在大力促进技术和创业企业的区域内转让。本文研究了作为经济产业省资助的区域发展计划的一部分而建立的研发网络的结构、空间覆盖范围和创新绩效。使用公共研究机构、私营公司和政府机构的联合研究项目的独特数据集进行社会网络分析。研究结果表明，R&D网络的空间格局既取决于研究项目的技术领域，也取决于参与各方的角色。学术界与学术界的合作比与私营企业的合作具有更大的空间覆盖范围。公共部门在地方创新过程中发挥着重要作用。
Globalisation and structural and demographic change are presenting Japan's economy and many regional economies with major challenges. In earlier decades, the international transfer of technology was an important factor in Japan's rise to become one of the leading industrialised nations. Today, however, the focus is on the interregional and intraregional transfer of technology between research institutions and private firms when addressing the issue of national and regional competitiveness. Regional innovation policies, in particular those under the responsibility of the Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) and its regional bureaus, have for several years been making a great effort to promote the intraregional transfer of technology and business start-ups. This paper investigates the structure, the spatial reach and the innovation performance of R&D networks that have built up as part of a regional development programme financed by METI. A social network analysis is carried out using a unique data set of joint research projects of public research institutions, private firms and government institutions. The results show that the spatial patterns of R&D networks depend on the technical field of the research projects as well as on the role of the parties involved. Academia–academia cooperations have a much greater spatial reach than cooperations with private firms. The public sector plays an important role in local innovation processes.