Unintended pregnancy in the United States: incidence and disparities, 2006
Unintended pregnancy in the United States: incidence and disparities, 2006
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DOI：
10.1016/j.contraception.2011.07.013
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Zolna, Mia R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finer, Lawrence B.;Zolna, Mia R.
背景：非意愿妊娠发生率是生殖健康领域最基本的健康状况指标之一。美国卫生与公众服务部的一个持续目标是减少意外怀孕，但自2001年以来，全国的意外怀孕率一直没有估计。我们将2006-2008年和2002年全国家庭增长调查中有关妇女怀孕意愿的数据与2008年全国堕胎患者调查和国家卫生统计中心的出生数据相结合，结果：2006年，近一半（49%）的怀孕是意外怀孕，略高于2001年（48%）。意外怀孕率从2001年的每1 000名15-44岁妇女50人增加到2006年的52人。各亚组之间意外怀孕率的差异持续存在，在某些情况下还有所增加，18-24岁、贫穷或同居妇女的意外怀孕率是全国的两到三倍。15-17岁青少年的意外怀孕率显著下降。意外怀孕终止堕胎的比例从2001年的47%下降到2006年的43%，意外出生率从每1000名15-44岁的妇女23人增加到25人。结论：自2001年以来，美国在减少意外怀孕方面没有取得进展。几乎所有群体的比率都有所增加，总体上仍然很高。帮助妇女和夫妇计划怀孕的努力，如增加获得有效避孕药具的机会，应侧重于意外怀孕风险最大的群体，特别是贫穷和同居妇女。(C)2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Background: The incidence of unintended pregnancy is among the most essential health status indicators in the field of reproductive health. One ongoing goal of the US Department of Health and Human Services is to reduce unintended pregnancy, but the national rate has not been estimated since 2001.Study Design: We combined data on women's pregnancy intentions from the 2006-2008 and 2002 National Survey of Family Growth with a 2008 national survey of abortion patients and data on births from the National Center for Health Statistics, induced abortions from a national abortion provider census, miscarriages estimated from the National Survey of Family Growth and population data from the US Census Bureau.Results: Nearly half (49%) of pregnancies were unintended in 2006, up slightly from 2001 (48%). The unintended pregnancy rate increased to 52 per 1000 women aged 15-44 years in 2006 from 50 in 2001. Disparities in unintended pregnancy rates among subgroups persisted and in some cases increased, and women who were 18-24 years old, poor or cohabiting had rates two to three times the national rate. The unintended pregnancy rate declined notably for teens 15-17 years old. The proportion of unintended pregnancies ending in abortion decreased from 47% in 2001 to 43% in 2006, and the unintended birth rate increased from 23 to 25 per 1000 women 15-44 years old.Conclusions: Since 2001, the United States has not made progress in reducing unintended pregnancy. Rates increased for nearly all groups and remain high overall. Efforts to help women and couples plan their pregnancies, such as increasing access to effective contraceptives, should focus on groups at greatest risk for unintended pregnancy, particularly poor and cohabiting women. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.