Community-based intervention to reduce pesticide exposure to farmworkers and potential take-home exposure to their families
Community-based intervention to reduce pesticide exposure to farmworkers and potential take-home exposure to their families
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/jes.2008.18
复制
发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Eskenazi, Brenda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bradman, Asa;Salvatore, Alicia L.;Eskenazi, Brenda
美国环保署的工人保护标准要求对农场工人进行农药安全培训。这些规定与重返大气层间隔相结合，旨在减少农药接触。很少有研究表明，额外的措施是否可以减少农场工人的接触，以及他们的家人带回家接触的可能性。我们对44名草莓收获者（15名对照组成员和29名干预组成员）进行了干预，以确定教育、鼓励洗手以及使用手套和可拆卸工作服是否减少了暴露。干预后，我们收集了树叶和尿液样本，以及洗手液，小腿皮肤补丁和衣服补丁样本。戴手套工人的干预后马拉硫磷手部负荷低于不戴手套的工人（中位数分别为8.2和777.2 μ g/双（P < 0.001））;同样，戴手套工人的尿液中MDA水平中位数也较低（45.3和131.2 μ g/g肌酐，P < 0.05）。在衣服上检测到马拉硫磷（中位数为0.13 μ g/cm（2）），但在皮肤上没有检测到。吃草莓的工人尿中马拉硫磷二羧酸水平较高（中位数= 114.5 vs. 39.4 μ g/g肌酐，P < 0.01）。这些发现表明，戴手套可以减少接触含有可去除残留物的草莓叶的工人的农药暴露。此外，在回家前戴手套和脱下工作服可以减少杀虫剂运输到工人家中。需要采取行为干预措施来减少田间草莓的消费。
The US EPA Worker Protection Standard requires pesticide safety training for farmworkers. Combined with re-entry intervals, these regulations are designed to reduce pesticide exposure. Little research has been conducted on whether additional steps may reduce farmworker exposure and the potential for take-home exposure to their families. We conducted an intervention with 44 strawberry harvesters (15 control and 29 intervention group members) to determine whether education, encouragement of handwashing, and the use of gloves and removable coveralls reduced exposure. Post-intervention, we collected foliage and urine samples, as well as hand rinse, lower-leg skin patch, and clothing patch samples. Post-intervention loading of malathion on hands was lower among workers who wore gloves compared to those who did not (median = 8.2 vs. 777.2 mu g per pair, respectively (P < 0.001)); similarly, median MDA levels in urine were lower among workers who wore gloves (45.3 vs. 131.2 mu g/g creatinine, P < 0.05). Malathion was detected on clothing (median 0.13 mu g/cm(2)), but not on skin. Workers who ate strawberries had higher malathion dicarboxylic acid levels in urine (median = 114.5 vs. 39.4 mu g/g creatinine, P < 0.01). These findings suggest that wearing gloves reduces pesticide exposure to workers contacting strawberry foliage containing dislodgeable residues. Additionally, wearing gloves and removing work clothes before returning home could reduce transport of pesticides to worker homes. Behavioral interventions are needed to reduce consumption of strawberries in the field.