Use of nonhuman primate models to develop mucosal AIDS vaccines.
Use of nonhuman primate models to develop mucosal AIDS vaccines.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11904-009-0035-7
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发表时间：
2010-02
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Miller, Christopher J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Genesca, Meritxell;Miller, Christopher J
在已停止的 Step 功效试验和取得一定成功的 3 期 RV144 试验中测试的 HIV 疫苗旨在引发强烈的全身免疫反应；因此，应测试将免疫反应引导至粘膜部位的策略，以提高艾滋病疫苗的功效。然而，由于 CD4+ T 细胞激活和向粘膜部位募集的增加有可能增强 HIV 传播，因此对 HIV 疫苗的粘膜免疫反应应主要由效应 CD8+ T 细胞和浆细胞组成。控制粘膜T细胞活化水平可能是开发有效的粘膜艾滋病疫苗的关键因素。可以增强粘膜表面抗病毒免疫力的免疫途径和佐剂为提高艾滋病疫苗功效提供了合理的机会。非人类灵长类动物模型为这些方法的临床前评估提供了最佳系统。
The HIV vaccines tested in the halted Step efficacy trial and the modestly successful phase 3 RV144 trial were designed to elicit strong systemic immune responses; therefore, strategies to direct immune responses into mucosal sites should be tested in an effort to improve AIDS vaccine efficacy. However, as increased CD4+ T-cell activation and recruitment to mucosal sites have the potential to enhance HIV transmission, mucosal immune responses to HIV vaccines should primarily consist of effector CD8+ T cells and plasma cells. Controlling the level of mucosal T-cell activation may be a critical factor in developing an effective mucosal AIDS vaccine. Immunization routes and adjuvants that can boost antiviral immunity in mucosal surfaces offer a reasonable opportunity to improve AIDS vaccine efficacy. Nonhuman primate models offer the best system for preclinical evaluation of these approaches.