A typology of advance statements in mental health care
A typology of advance statements in mental health care
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DOI：
10.1176/ps.2008.59.1.63
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Zinkler, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henderson, Claire;Swanson, Jeffrey W.;Zinkler, Martin
近年来，在美国和一些欧洲国家，记录精神卫生服务消费者在未来精神卫生危机或丧失能力期间对治疗的偏好的预先声明越来越流行。已经出现了几种预先声明--一些作为法律的工具，另一些作为治疗计划方法--但是没有对它们进行正式的比较。本文回顾了英语和德语的文献，以发展一个比较类型学的预先声明：联合危机计划，危机卡，治疗计划，健康恢复行动计划，和精神病学的预先指示（有和没有正式的促进）。区分它们的特征是它们具有法律约束力的程度，医疗保健提供者是否参与其制作，以及是否有独立的促进者协助其制作。预先声明的不同性质与它们所基于的不同护理模式以及它们制定的立法和服务背景有关。然而，英国和美国之间最近的趋同研究干预措施，促进生产的预先声明，作为证据出现的有效性，促进精神病预先指令和联合危机计划。不同类型的预先声明可以共存，在某些情况下可能以互补的方式相互作用。然而，预先声明与非自愿治疗的关系更成问题，因为在许多精神卫生服务机构中，它们的有效实施也是如此。
Advance statements documenting mental health service consumers' preferences for treatment during a future mental health crisis or period of incapacity have gained currency in recent years in the United States and some European countries. Several kinds of advance statements have emerged-some as legal instruments, others as treatment planning methods-but no formal comparison has been made among them. This article reviews the literature in English and German to develop a comparative typology of advance statements: joint crisis plans, crisis cards, treatment plans, wellness recovery action plans, and psychiatric advance directives (with and without formal facilitation). The features that distinguish them are the extent to which they are legally binding, whether health care providers are involved in their production, and whether an independent facilitator assists in their production. The differing nature of advance statements is related to the diverse models of care upon which they are based and the legislative and service contexts in which they have been developed. However, there is recent convergence between the United Kingdom and the United States with respect to research interventions that facilitate the production of advance statements, as evidence emerges for the effectiveness of facilitated psychiatric advance directives and joint crisis plans. Different types of advance statements can coexist and in some cases may interact in complementary ways. However, the relationship of advance statements to involuntary treatment is more problematic, as is their effective implementation in many mental health service settings.