Space travel directly induces skeletal muscle atrophy
Space travel directly induces skeletal muscle atrophy
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DOI：
10.1096/fasebj.13.9.1031
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Lemaire, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vandenburgh, H;Chromiak, J;Lemaire, J
太空旅行会导致人类骨骼肌快速而明显的萎缩，从而降低其长期飞行能力。为了制定有效的对策，需要更好地了解这种萎缩的基础。太空旅行可能会通过改变生长激素、糖皮质激素和合成代谢类固醇等因子的循环水平和/或对肌肉纤维本身的直接影响来间接导致肌肉萎缩。为了确定骨骼肌细胞是否直接受到太空旅行的影响，组织培养的鸟类骨骼肌细胞被组织工程化为生物人工肌肉，并在太空运输系统（STS，即航天飞机）上的灌注生物反应器中飞行 9 至 10 天。由于蛋白质合成率下降而蛋白质降解没有改变，因此发生了显着的肌纤维萎缩。相对于地面对照，肌肉细胞返回地球刺激了肌肉特异性蛋白质和细胞外基质蛋白质的蛋白质合成率。这些结果首次表明骨骼肌纤维对太空旅行有直接反应，应该成为对策开发的目标。
Space travel causes rapid and pronounced skeletal muscle wasting in humans that reduces their long-term flight capabilities, To develop effective countermeasures, the basis of this atrophy needs to be better understood. Space travel may cause muscle atrophy indirectly by altering circulating levels of factors such as growth hormone, glucocorticoids, and anabolic steroids and/or by a direct effect on the muscle fibers themselves. To determine whether skeletal muscle cells are directly affected by space travel, tissue-cultured avian skeletal muscle cells were tissue engineered into bioartificial muscles and flown in perfusion bioreactors for 9 to 10 days aboard the Space Transportation System (STS, i.e., Space Shuttle). Significant muscle fiber atrophy occurred due to a decrease in protein synthesis rates without alterations in protein degradation, Return of the muscle cells to Earth stimulated protein synthesis rates of both muscle-specific and extracellular matrix proteins relative to ground controls. These results show for the first time that skeletal muscle fibers are directly responsive to space travel and should be a target for countermeasure development.