Confronting Arctic Troposphere, Clouds, and Surface Energy Budget Representations in Regional Climate Models With Observations
Confronting Arctic Troposphere, Clouds, and Surface Energy Budget Representations in Regional Climate Models With Observations
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通过观测对抗区域气候模型中的北极对流层、云和地表能源预算表示
DOI：
10.1029/2019jd031783
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Webster
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Sedlar;M. Tjernström;A. Rinke;A. Orr;J. Cassano;X. Fettweis;G. Heinemann;M. Seefeldt;A. Solomon;H. Matthes;T. Phillips;S. Webster
介绍了一个基于2014年7-10月跨北冰洋野外试验(ACSE-北极云夏季试验)观测的协调区域气候模式(RCM)评估和比对项目。用常见的再分析、侧边界强迫和对流层上层轻推技术约束了6个最新的RCM，以探索RCM如何表示地面能量收支(SEB)分量的演变及其与云特性的关系。我们发现，模拟的SEB分量差异的主要原因是云和云-辐射相互作用的RCM处理的直接结果。RCM可以根据它们对云液体的高估或低估进行分组。虽然辐射和湍流热通量误差相对较大，但它们经常引起补偿误差。此外，由于表层海冰浓度受到再分析或卫星观测的限制，限制了模拟辐射通量的误差如何影响SEB，并最终影响地面演变及其与低对流层混合和云特性的耦合。这些结果中的许多与十多年前的研究报告的RCM偏差是一致的。六个模型中的一个是完全耦合的海洋-冰-大气模型。尽管由于太厚的云层而高估了云中的液体和相关的SEB误差，但它的模拟对于理解完全耦合的系统如何受到SEB演化的强迫并对其作出响应是有用的。展望未来，我们建议RCM研究的发展需要考虑完全耦合的气候系统。
A coordinated regional climate model (RCM) evaluation and intercomparison project based on observations from a July–October 2014 trans‐Arctic Ocean field experiment (ACSE‐Arctic Clouds during Summer Experiment) is presented. Six state‐of‐the‐art RCMs were constrained with common reanalysis lateral boundary forcing and upper troposphere nudging techniques to explore how the RCMs represented the evolution of the surface energy budget (SEB) components and their relation to cloud properties. We find that the main reasons for the modeled differences in the SEB components are a direct consequence of the RCM treatment of cloud and cloud‐radiative interactions. The RCMs could be separated into groups by their overestimation or underestimation of cloud liquid. While radiative and turbulent heat flux errors were relatively large, they often invoke compensating errors. In addition, having the surface sea‐ice concentrations constrained by the reanalysis or satellite observations limited how errors in the modeled radiative fluxes could affect the SEB and ultimately the surface evolution and its coupling with lower tropospheric mixing and cloud properties. Many of these results are consistent with RCM biases reported in studies over a decade ago. One of the six models was a fully coupled ocean‐ice‐atmosphere model. Despite the biases in overestimating cloud liquid, and associated SEB errors due to too optically thick clouds, its simulations were useful in understanding how the fully coupled system is forced by, and responds to, the SEB evolution. Moving forward, we suggest that development of RCM studies need to consider the fully coupled climate system.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
J. Sedlar;M. Tjernström;T. Mauritsen;M. Shupe;I. Brooks;P. Persson;C. Birch;C. Leck;A. Sirevaag;M. Nicolaus;M. Nicolaus
通讯作者：
J. Sedlar;M. Tjernström;T. Mauritsen;M. Shupe;I. Brooks;P. Persson;C. Birch;C. Leck;A. Sirevaag;M. Nicolaus;M. Nicolaus
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Shupe, M. D.;Persson, P. O. G.;Leck, C.
通讯作者：
Leck, C.
DOI：
10.5194/gmd-2016-194-supplement
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Walters;I. Boutle;M. Brooks;T. Melvin;R. Stratton;S. Vosper;H. Wells;K. Williams;N. Wood
通讯作者：
D. Walters;I. Boutle;M. Brooks;T. Melvin;R. Stratton;S. Vosper;H. Wells;K. Williams;N. Wood
北极夏季气团转变、地表逆温和地表能量收支
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Tjernström M
通讯作者：
Tjernström M