A Stirling type pulse tube cryocooler working at liquid hydrogen temperatures with a precooled transmission tube
A Stirling type pulse tube cryocooler working at liquid hydrogen temperatures with a precooled transmission tube
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2019.11.026
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发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Chen Huang;X. Zhi;Rongfei Cao;K. Liang;L. Qiu;Xintong Xia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen Huang;X. Zhi;Rongfei Cao;K. Liang;L. Qiu;Xintong Xia
斯特林型脉冲管制冷机在液氢温度以下工作时通常需要多级结构，但目前其制冷效率还很低。其主要原因之一是其高温部分回热器作为具有大温降的等温部件消耗大量的输入pV功率。理论上，当有剩余冷源（如液氮或液化天然气）预冷时，高温部分回热器可以用pV功率降很小的空管代替，在回收冷能的同时提高了SPTC的效率。本文提出并研究了用预冷传输管代替高温部分回热器的SPTC。传输管的热端连接到室温压缩机在~300 K，而其冷端连接到低温部分回热器预冷到~ 80 K的液氮。计算分析了不同尺寸预冷传输管的传热和pV功率损失。通过实验验证了预冷传输管在SPTC中应用的可行性。结果表明，采用预冷传输管的SPTC可以很好地工作。在25 K时，当总输入pV功率为52.9W时，获得了17.7K的空载制冷温度和1.74W的制冷量。预冷传输管的热端换热器被发现是快速稳定冷端冷却温度所必需的。
Stirling type pulse tube cryocoolers (SPTCs) usually require multi-stage configuration for working below liquid hydrogen temperatures but their cooling efficiency is still poor at present. One of the main reasons is that their high-temperature part regenerators consume large amount of input pV power as isothermal components with large temperature drop. Theoretically, when there is a surplus cold source such as LN2or LNG for precooling, the high-temperature part regenerator can be replaced by an empty tube with little pV power drop, which will increase the efficiency of the SPTC while recovering cold energy. In this paper, the SPTC with a precooled transmission tube instead of high-temperature part regenerator is proposed and studied. The hot end of the transmission tube was linked to the room-temperature compressor at ~300 K, while its cold end was connecting to the low-temperature part regenerator precooled to ~ 80 K by LN2. The heat transfer and pV power losses in the precooled transmission tubes under different sizes were calculated and analyzed. Experiments were carried out to verify the feasibility of the precooled transmission tube in a SPTC. Results show that the SPTC can work well with the precooled transmission tube. A no-load refrigeration temperature of 17.7 K and cooling capacity of 1.74 W at 25 K are obtained with a total input pV power of about 52.9 W. The hot end heat exchanger of the precooled transmission tube is found to be necessary for quickly stabilizing the cold end cooling temperature.