Optical cues used in predation by jumping spiders, Phidippus audax (Araneae, Salticidae)
Optical cues used in predation by jumping spiders, Phidippus audax (Araneae, Salticidae)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.08.032
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Jakob, Elizabeth M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bednarski, Julie V.;Taylor, Phillip;Jakob, Elizabeth M.
跳蛛在捕食决策时依赖于视觉信息，但全局和局部运动、形状和内部空间细节在引发攻击中的相对作用仍然没有得到很好的解决。我们操纵了蟋蟀的视频，并向跳蛛（Phidippus audax）展示了选择测试。与以前的研究一致，蜘蛛更经常接近描绘移动猎物与静止猎物的视频。蜘蛛关注局部运动特征，更喜欢自然板球运动的视频，而不是板球在屏幕上移动的快照视频，这些视频具有与自然板球相同的开始和停止全局运动模式。然而，蜘蛛没有表现出对形状和内部空间细节不同的运动图像的偏好：蟋蟀快照和相同大小和颜色的矩形。这些结果表明，蜘蛛要么不能检测到刺激之间的差异，要么可以检测到差异，但没有表现出偏好。为了区分这些可能性，我们使用了一种厌恶性条件反射协议。条件反射是有效的，因为我们可以训练蜘蛛选择移动的快照而不是自然的板球。然而，我们无法诱导蟋蟀快照和矩形之间的区别，这表明蜘蛛无法区分这些图像，即使有动机这样做。蜘蛛选择具有自然停止和开始运动的板球视频与没有停顿的板球视频的倾向没有显着差异，因此我们没有发现证据表明通常观察到的步行猎物的停顿行为会影响蜘蛛的攻击倾向。两者合计，我们的研究结果支持的假设，运动是更重要的比图像形状的捕食决策，这跳蛛。(C)2012年，动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Jumping spiders are known to rely on visual information when making predatory decisions, but the relative roles of global and local motion, shape and interior spatial detail in eliciting attack remain poorly resolved. We manipulated videos of crickets and presented jumping spiders, Phidippus audax, with choice tests. Consistent with previous studies, spiders more often approached videos depicting moving prey versus motionless prey. Spiders attended to local motion characteristics, preferring videos of natural cricket motion over videos of a snapshot of a cricket that moved across the screen with the same start-and-stop global motion pattern as the natural cricket. However, spiders showed no evidence of preference between moving images that differed in shape and interior spatial detail: a cricket snapshot and a rectangle of the same size and colour. These results indicate that spiders either cannot detect differences between the stimuli, or can detect differences but show no preference. To distinguish between these possibilities, we used an aversive conditioning protocol. Conditioning was effective, as we could train spiders to choose a moving snapshot over a natural cricket. However, we were unable to induce discrimination between cricket snapshots and rectangles, suggesting that spiders were unable to distinguish these images even when motivated to do so. There was no significant difference in the spiders' propensity to choose cricket videos with natural stop-and-start motion versus those without pauses, so we found no evidence that the commonly observed pausing behaviour of walking prey influences the propensity of spiders to attack. Taken together, our results support the hypothesis that movement is more important than image shape for predatory decisions of this jumping spider. (C) 2012 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.