From oxidative DNA damage to molecular epidemiology
From oxidative DNA damage to molecular epidemiology
复制标题
从DNA氧化损伤到分子流行病学
DOI：
10.32725/jab.2006.002
复制
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Collins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Volkovová;M. Dusinska;A. Collins
在正常的呼吸过程中，通过巨噬细胞对感染的反应而发生的氧化爆发，以及各种外源环境因素，释放出活性形式的氧。氧化应激是由氧的活性形式的产生和消除之间的不平衡引起的，导致生物分子的氧化损伤。人们普遍认为，氧化应激在多种人类退行性疾病中起着因果作用。抗氧化剂假说提出，水果和蔬菜中的天然抗氧化剂可以在自由基造成损害之前清除它们。为了验证这一假设，需要一种可靠的生物标记物来在体内评估氧化损伤，它一方面可以与抗氧化剂水平相关，另一方面可以与疾病相关。淋巴细胞DNA的氧化损伤可以通过彗星试验或高效液相色谱来测定。本文对诱变和致癌的方法及其在体内外研究中的应用进行了简要综述。还回顾了斯洛伐克关于不同疾病状态、衰老以及饮食和抗氧化剂补充剂在预防中的作用的分子流行病学研究。
Reactive forms of oxygen are released during normal respiration, by the oxidative burst of the macrophages in response to infection, and by a variety of exogenous environmental agents. Oxidative stress, caused by imbalance between the production of reactive forms of oxygen and their elimination, leads to oxidative damage of biomolecules. It is generally accepted that oxidative stress is involved either as cause or effect in a variety of human degenerative diseases. The antioxidant hypothesis proposes that natural antioxidants in fruit and vegetables scavenge free radicals before they can cause damage. To test the hypothesis a reliable biomarker for in vivo assessment of oxidative damage is needed which can be correlated with antioxidant levels on one hand and with disease on the other. Oxidative damage to lymphocyte DNA can be measured by the comet assay or by HPLC. This paper gives a brief review of the methods and their application both in in vitro and in in vivo studies dealing with mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Molecular epidemiological studies in Slovakia concerning different disease states, aging and the role of diet, and antioxidant supplementation in prevention are reviewed as well.