Tissue engineering: the current status of this futuristic modality in head neck reconstruction.
Tissue engineering: the current status of this futuristic modality in head neck reconstruction.
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DOI：
10.1097/01.moo.0000132242.81060.4a
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Chepeha, Douglas B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nussenbaum, Brian;Teknos, Theodoros N;Chepeha, Douglas B
综述目的：定义组织工程并描述组织工程中涉及的组件。提供组织工程应用于耳鼻喉科医师的最新发展的例子。为了提供一个总体概述的选择令人兴奋的进展领域以外的一般耳鼻喉科，但普遍感兴趣的重建community.Recent调查结果：组织工程是一个快速发展的领域，可以被定义为通过使用生物介质和matricis的新组织的再生。所需的三个组成部分是支架、信号分子和细胞。大量的工作已经完成，以产生骨，软骨，角膜和血管移植。组织工程骨是唯一一种在III期临床试验中进行评估并在常规临床使用的组织类型。来自BMP-2和BMP-7的工程化骨用于腰椎融合和长骨骨不连的骨科手术。骨组织工程在头颈部的临床应用仅限于病例报道。在免疫功能不全的动物模型中，用软骨进行鼻和耳的组织工程已经取得了成功，但是在免疫功能正常的模型中产生不引起免疫反应的支架一直存在困难。最先进的器官工程是一个膀胱，已成功地在犬模型。摘要：组织工程持有的承诺，“现成的”部分重建组织和器官。最广泛的临床应用是骨科中的骨。目前，由于支架的免疫原性以及在癌症和美容患者中遇到的具有挑战性的伤口，头部和颈部的应用受到限制。
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To define tissue engineering and describe the components that are involved in engineering tissue. To provide examples of the most recent developments in tissue engineering as they apply to the otolaryngologist. To provide a general overview of selected exciting advances outside the field of general otolaryngology but of general interest to the reconstructive community.RECENT FINDINGS: Tissue engineering is a rapidly evolving field that can be defined as the regeneration of new tissues through the use of biologic mediators and matricis. The three components required are scaffolds, signaling molecules, and cells. A significant amount of work has been done to generate bone, cartilage, cornea, and vascular grafts. Tissue engineered bone is the only tissue type that has been evaluated in Phase III clinical trials and is in routine clinical use. Engineered bone from BMP-2 and BMP-7 is used in orthopedics for lumbar fusions and long bone nonunions. Clinical application of bone tissue engineering in the head and neck is limited to case reports. There has been success in tissue engineering with cartilage for the nose and ear in immune incompetent animal models but there has been difficulty with generating scaffolds that do not incite an immune reaction in an immune competent model. The most advanced organ engineered is a bladder that has been successful in a canine model.SUMMARY: Tissue engineering holds the promise of "off the shelf" parts for reconstruction of tissues and organs. The widest clinical application is with bone in orthopedics. Applications in the head and neck are limited, at present, due to the immunogenicity of the scaffolds and the challenging wounds encountered in both cancer and cosmetic patients.