Estimating variation in surface emissivities of intertidal macroalgae using an infrared thermometer and the effects on temperature measurements
Estimating variation in surface emissivities of intertidal macroalgae using an infrared thermometer and the effects on temperature measurements
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DOI：
10.1007/s00227-014-2429-3
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Olson, Theresa K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Van Alstyne, Kathryn L.;Olson, Theresa K.
用红外（IR）温度计精确测量表面温度需要输入被测表面的发射率;然而，很少有潮间带生物表面发射率的测定。潮间带大型藻类的发射率进行了测量，以确定是否藻类的种类，测量角度，水合作用，分层影响他们。发射率相似，平均0.94之间的11个13种。具有较低和更可变的发射率的物种（Chondracanthus acetuatus和Desmarestia viridis）在形态上与其他物种不同，这些物种是相对平坦的薄叶片，表面纹理很少。测量角度导致的发射率显着降低Mazzaella splendens，但不是在其他三个物种。石莼的水化和分层也没有影响。在22 A ℃时，当温度计发射率设置范围为0.75至1.00时，测量温度与实际温度相差在1 A ℃以内。当发射率设定为低于实际值时，测量温度在15 A ℃时低于实际温度，在60 A ℃时高于实际温度。当红外温度计被用来测量表面温度的9种潮间带藻类之前，他们被淹没的到来的潮汐，温度较高，在中潮间带比低潮间带的个人和更高的晴天比阴天。U的温度。在海岸，莴苣的温度随高度的增加而增加，而石莼的温度则不随高度的增加而增加。墨角藻叶片的温度也高于花托，而美国墨角藻叶片的温度低于花托。lactuca和M.在藻类堆积的较低层中出现的灿烂。
Accurate measurements of surface temperatures with an infrared (IR) thermometer require input of the emissivities of the surfaces being measured; however, few determinations of the emissivities of intertidal organisms' surfaces have been made. Emissivities of intertidal macroalgae were measured to determine whether algal species, measurement angle, hydration, and layering affected them. Emissivities were similar and averaged 0.94 among 11 of 13 species. The species with lower and more variable emissivities (Chondracanthus exasperatus and Desmarestia viridis) differed in morphology from the other species, which were relatively flat thin blades with little surface texture. Measurement angle caused emissivities to decrease significantly in Mazzaella splendens but not in three other species. Hydration and layering of Ulva lactuca also had no effect. At 22 A degrees C, measured temperatures were within 1 A degrees C of actual temperatures when thermometer emissivity settings ranged from 0.75 to 1.00. When emissivities were set lower than actual values, measured temperatures were lower than actual temperatures at 15 A degrees C and higher than actual temperatures at 60 A degrees C. When the IR thermometer was used to measure surface temperatures of nine species of intertidal algae immediately before they were inundated by the incoming tide, temperatures were higher in mid intertidal than low intertidal individuals and higher on a sunnier day than an overcast day. Temperatures of U. lactuca increased with increasing height on the shore, but temperatures of Ulvaria obscura did not. Temperatures were also higher in Fucus distichus blades than receptacles, and lower in U. lactuca and M. splendens occurring in the lower layers of stacks of algae.