The impact of disposal and treatment of coal mining wastes on environment and farmland
The impact of disposal and treatment of coal mining wastes on environment and farmland
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煤矿废弃物处置与处理对环境和农田的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s00254-008-1537-0
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wang, Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bian, Zhengfu;Dong, Jihong;Wang, Hui
在中国，煤矿废弃物传统上被倾倒在锥形堆中，由于产生粉尘、沥出物、自燃以及没有植被覆盖，有可能污染空气、土壤和水环境及景观。自20世纪80年代以来，煤矿废弃物的处置技术一直在变化，在许多情况下，废弃物现在直接运输到塌陷土地作为填料，以使该土地能够再利用。因此，今天，既有过去的煤矿废弃物堆放场，也有填充的塌陷土地。然而，这些不同的处置技术对环境和农田生产力的比较影响还没有详细研究。以东滩、南屯和兴隆庄煤矿为例，现场测试了煤矿废弃物的组成及其对土壤、地表水和地下水的潜在污染贡献。结果表明，煤矸石自燃风化后有污染物释放，但未超过环境标准。然而，尽管有这些发现，需要更多和更密切地关注这些污染物在环境中的流动性，运输和积累随着时间的推移。
In China, coal mining wastes have traditionally been dumped in cone-shaped heaps that have the potential to pollute air, soil and water environments and landscapes through dust generation, leachate production, self-ignition and as a consequence of an absence of vegetation cover. Since 1980s, the disposal technique for coal mining wastes has been changing and in many instances the wastes are now transported directly to subsided land as a fill to enable the reuse of that land. Thus, today, both coal mining waste dumps from the past and filled subsided lands are in existence. However, the comparative impacts of these different disposal techniques on the environment and farmland productivity have not been studied in detail. Using Dongtan (DT), Nantun (NT) and Xinglongzhuang (XLZ) coal mines as examples, the components of coal mining wastes and their potential pollution contribution to soil, surface water and ground water are tested in-situ. The results show that contaminants are released after self-ignition and weathering of coal mining wastes, but they are not above the allowable environmental standards. However, despite these findings, more and closer attention needs to be paid to the mobility, transportation and accumulation of these contaminants in the environment over time.