Astrocytes close a motor circuit critical period.

Astrocytes close a motor circuit critical period.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41586-021-03441-2
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发表时间:
2021-04
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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关键时期-神经回路可以通过活动改变的短暂间隔-是适当的神经回路组装所必需的。延长的关键期与神经发育障碍有关;然而,确保关键期及时关闭的机制仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们定义了一个发育中的果蝇运动回路的关键期,并确定星形胶质细胞是正确终止关键期所必需的。在关键期,运动神经元根据活动的变化调整树突的长度、复杂性和连通性。星形胶质细胞在临界期关闭前侵入神经束,而星形胶质细胞消融延长了临界期。最后,我们使用基因筛查来确定关闭关键期的星形胶质细胞-运动神经元信号通路,包括神经连接素-神经红素信号通路。信号的减少破坏了树突状微管的稳定,增加了树突的能动性,并损害了运动行为,强调了关键期关闭的重要性。以前的工作将星形胶质细胞定义为个体突触可塑性的调节者;在这里,我们表明星形胶质细胞也调节关键时期的关闭,以确保正确的运动行为。
Critical periods – brief intervals where neural circuits can be modified by activity – are necessary for proper neural circuit assembly. Extended critical periods are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders; however, the mechanisms that ensure timely critical period closure remain poorly understood . Here, we define a critical period in a developing Drosophila motor circuit, and identify astrocytes as essential for proper critical period termination. During the critical period, motor neurons scale dendrite length, complexity, and connectivity in response to changes in activity. Astrocytes invaded the neuropil just prior to critical period closure, and astrocyte ablation prolonged the critical period. Finally, we used a genetic screen to identify astrocyte-motor neuron signaling pathways that close the critical period, including Neuroligin-Neurexin signaling. Reduced signaling destabilized dendritic microtubules, increased dendrite dynamicity, and impaired locomotor behavior, underscoring the importance of critical period closure. Previous work defined astroglia as regulators of plasticity at individual synapses; here, we show that astrocytes also regulate critical period closure to ensure proper locomotor behavior.
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