Non‐equilibrium compositions of liquid polar stratospheric clouds in gravity waves
Non‐equilibrium compositions of liquid polar stratospheric clouds in gravity waves
复制标题
重力波中液态极地平流层云的非平衡成分
DOI：
10.1029/2000gl012168
复制
发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
T. Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Voigt;A. Tsias;A. Dörnbrack;S. Meilinger;B. Luo;J. Schreiner;N. Larsen;K. Mauersberger;T. Peter
1998年1月25日，斯堪的纳维亚半岛上空出现了山脉引起的重力波，导致了中尺度极地平流层云的形成。在基律纳/瑞典上空进行了颗粒组成的气球载质谱测量和光学反向散射测量。PSC遇到了两次，显示了相关的增加，在凝聚相水，硝酸和反向散射比。热力学模型允许PSC颗粒被明确地确定为过冷三元溶液（STS）液滴，但不能解释颗粒HNO 3 ∶H2O摩尔比的测量散射。同步温度测量表明，粒子受到±1 K的快速大气温度波动和重力波引起的超过1 K/min的冷却/加热速率的影响。STS液滴分布的微观物理非平衡模型表明，所观察到的温度扰动导致颗粒组成与测量的HNO 3 ∶H2O变化密切一致。因此，液态PSC粒子的非平衡组成是与影响粒子演化的重力波有关的平流层主要特征。
On 25 January 1998 mountain induced gravity waves developed over Scandinavia leading to the formation of mesoscale polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). Balloon‐borne mass spectrometric measurements of particle composition and optical backscatter measurements were performed above Kiruna/Sweden. PSCs were encountered twice, showing a correlated increase in the condensed phase water, nitric acid and the backscatter ratio. Thermodynamic modeling allows the PSC particles to be unambiguously identified as supercooled ternary solution (STS) droplets, but cannot account for the measured scatter in the particulate HNO3∶H2O mole ratio. Simultaneous temperature measurements show that the particles were subject to rapid atmospheric temperature fluctuations of ±1 K and cooling/heating rates exceeding 1 K/min caused by the gravity waves. Micro‐physical non‐equilibrium modeling of STS droplet distributions reveals that the observed temperature perturbations cause particle compositions in close agreement with the measured HNO3∶H2O variations. Non‐equilibrium compositions of liquid PSC particles are thus a principal stratospheric characteristic related to gravity waves affecting particle evolution.