Predator and prey activity levels jointly influence the outcome of long-term foraging bouts.
Predator and prey activity levels jointly influence the outcome of long-term foraging bouts.
复制标题
捕食者和猎物的活动水平共同影响长期觅食的结果。
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/art052
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Pruitt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kayla Sweeney;B. Cusack;Fawn Armagost;Timothy O'Brien;C. N. Keiser;J. Pruitt
一致的个体间行为差异（即，“行为类型”）可能是决定物种相互作用结果的关键因素。同时考虑多个相互作用物种中个体行为类型的研究，如捕食者-猎物系统，可能是生态结果的特别强的预测因子。在这里，我们测试的捕食者-猎物运动交叉假设，它预测，积极的捕食者更有可能遇到和消耗猎物与相反的运动趋势。我们测试这一假设使用种内的行为变化在捕食者和猎物的物种作为预测觅食的结果。我们使用老领域跳蛛，Phidippus clarus（蜘蛛目，跳蛛科），和家蟋蟀，Acheta arteriticus（直翅目，蟋蟀科），作为一个模型的捕食-被捕食系统在实验室中围试验。运动倾向的稳定个体差异在P. clarus和A.觅食回合的结果既不依赖于捕食者的平均活动水平，也不依赖于猎物的平均活动水平。相反，蜘蛛和蟋蟀的活动水平之间的相互作用预测蜘蛛觅食的成功和猎物的生存。与运动交叉假说一致，表现出较高的活动水平的捕食者消耗更多的猎物时，在一个环境中含有低活动的猎物项目，反之亦然。这项研究强调了1）种内变异在决定捕食者-猎物相互作用结果方面的重要性，2）仅承认单个物种的行为变异可能不足以表征种内性状变异的表现后果。
Consistent interindividual differences in behavior (i.e., "behavioral types") may be a key factor in determining the outcome of species interactions. Studies that simultaneously account for the behavioral types of individuals in multiple interacting species, such as predator-prey systems, may be particularly strong predictors of ecological outcomes. Here, we test the predator-prey locomotor crossover hypothesis, which predicts that active predators are more likely to encounter and consume prey with the opposing locomotor tendency. We test this hypothesis using intraspecific behavioral variation in both a predator and prey species as predictors of foraging outcomes. We use the old field jumping spider, Phidippus clarus (Araneae, Salticidae), and the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera, Gryllidae), as a model predator-prey system in laboratory mesocosm trials. Stable individual differences in locomotor tendencies were identified in both P. clarus and A. domesticus, and the outcome of foraging bouts depended neither on the average activity level of the predator nor on the average activity level of prey. Instead, an interaction between the activity level of spiders and crickets predicted spider foraging success and prey survivorship. Consistent with the locomotor crossover hypothesis, predators exhibiting higher activity levels consumed more prey when in an environment containing low-activity prey items and vice versa. This study highlights 1) the importance of intraspecific variation in determining the outcome of predator-prey interactions and 2) that acknowledging behavioral variation in only a single species may be insufficient to characterize the performance consequences of intraspecific trait variants.
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Sih;A. Bell
通讯作者：
A. Sih;A. Bell
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Dall SR;Bell AM;Bolnick DI;Ratnieks FL
通讯作者：
Ratnieks FL