Nonconvulsive seizures in patients presenting with altered mental status: an evidence-based review.
Nonconvulsive seizures in patients presenting with altered mental status: an evidence-based review.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.06.012
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发表时间:
2011-10
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Grant AC
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zehtabchi S;Abdel Baki SG;Malhotra S;Grant AC
Definitive diagnosis of non-convulsive seizure (NCS) can be made only by EEG, and delay in diagnosis can increase morbidity, resource utilization, and length of hospitalization. We performed an evidence-based literature review to estimate the prevalence of NCS in patients with altered mental status (AMS) of unknown cause. PUBMED, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and other resources were searched for studies that included AMS and seizure as topics. The resulting 276 articles were screened for predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving five studies enrolling 478 patients for review. The prevalence of NCS in AMS patients ranged from 8% to 30% (overall prevalence of 21.5%; 95%CI, 18%–25%), suggesting that the prevalence of NCS is sufficiently high to consider routine use of urgent EEG in such patients. However, methodological weaknesses limit the generalizability of the results. A large, prospective study enrolling and screening for NCS all patients who present with acute AMS is needed.
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