Vitamin K: an old vitamin in a new perspective.
Vitamin K: an old vitamin in a new perspective.
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DOI：
10.4161/19381972.2014.968490
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发表时间：
2014-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kisters K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gröber U;Reichrath J;Holick MF;Kisters K
“维生素K”的话题目前在保健品市场上蓬勃发展。已知维生素K对血液凝固很重要。目前的研究越来越多地表明，抗出血维生素在预防和治疗骨骼和血管疾病方面具有相当大的益处。维生素K1（叶绿醌）在食物中更丰富，但比维生素K2甲基萘醌（尤其是MK-7，甲基萘醌-7）的生物活性低。维生素K化合物在内质网膜内经历氧化还原循环，在酶促还原之前通过谷氨酸基团的酶促γ-羧化提供电子以激活特定蛋白质。沿着凝血因子（II、VII、IX、X和凝血酶原）、蛋白C和蛋白S、骨钙素（OC）、基质Gla蛋白（MGP）、骨膜蛋白、Gas 6和其它维生素K依赖性（VKD）蛋白支持钙稳态、抑制血管壁钙化、支持内皮完整性、促进骨矿化，参与组织更新和细胞生长控制，并具有许多其它作用。以下综述描述了维生素K的历史，维生素K的生理意义，更新骨骼和心血管的好处以及与药物的重要相互作用。
The topic of “Vitamin K” is currently booming on the health products market. Vitamin K is known to be important for blood coagulation. Current research increasingly indicates that the antihaemorrhagic vitamin has a considerable benefit in the prevention and treatment of bone and vascular disease. Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) is more abundant in foods but less bioactive than the vitamin K2 menaquinones (especially MK-7, menaquinone-7). Vitamin K compounds undergo oxidation-reduction cycling within the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, donating electrons to activate specific proteins via enzymatic gamma-carboxylation of glutamate groups before being enzymatically reduced. Along with coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X, and prothrombin), protein C and protein S, osteocalcin (OC), matrix Gla protein (MGP), periostin, Gas6, and other vitamin K-dependent (VKD) proteins support calcium homeostasis, inhibit vessel wall calcification, support endothelial integrity, facilitate bone mineralization, are involved in tissue renewal and cell growth control, and have numerous other effects. The following review describes the history of vitamin K, the physiological significance of the K vitamers, updates skeletal and cardiovascular benefits and important interactions with drugs.