Eyewitness memory in late bilinguals: Evidence for discursive relativity
Eyewitness memory in late bilinguals: Evidence for discursive relativity
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晚期双语者的目击记忆：话语相对论的证据
DOI：
10.1177/13670069030070030301
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
A. Pavlenko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Pavlenko
洛夫图斯和帕尔默（1974）巧妙的实验令人信服地证明，语言变化的语言框架的问题导致的变化，目击者的证词。他们的发现激发了一系列新的研究，调查语言和目击者记忆之间的关系。本研究将调查的重点扩展到双语个体，并探讨了跨语言差异和成年后的第二语言学习可能影响参与者在涉及视觉回忆的记忆任务上的表现的方式。结果表明，在某些词汇编码的概念的可用性或缺乏的情况下，引起俄罗斯和美国英语的单语发言者的叙述的差异，也有两个双语组之间的差异。在他们的回忆中，将英语作为外语学习的俄罗斯人与单语俄罗斯人一样，而将英语作为第二语言学习的俄罗斯人使用了额外的解释框架，隐私和个人空间，这些在英语中可用，但在俄语中不可用。本文从话语相对性的角度对这些结果进行了讨论，并为进一步研究双语、记忆和认知之间的关系提出了方向。
Loftus and Palmer's(1974) ingenious experiments convincingly demonstrated that linguistic changes in the verbal framing of questions result in changes in eyewitness testimonies. Their findings have inspired a new line of research investigating the relationship between language and eyewitness memory. The present study expands the focus of inquiry to bilingual individuals and examines ways in which cross-linguistic differences—and second language learning in adulthood—may influence the participants' performance on memory tasks involving visual recall. The results demonstrate that in instances where availability—or lack—of certain lexically encoded concepts led to differences in narratives elicited from monolingual speakers of Russian and American English, there were also differences between the two bilingual groups. Russians who learned English as a foreign language patterned with monolingual Russians in their recall, while Russians who learned English as a second language used additional interpretive frames, privacy and personal space, available in English but not in Russian. The discussion examines these results from the perspective of discursive relativity, suggesting directions for further study of the relationship between bilingualism, memory, and cognition.