Collective memories of Germans and Japanese about the past half-century.
Collective memories of Germans and Japanese about the past half-century.
复制标题
德国人和日本人对过去半个世纪的集体记忆。
DOI：
10.1080/741942611
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Knauper,B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schuman,H;Akiyama,H;Knauper,B
我们调查了 1991 年抽取的两个样本的集体记忆，一个来自前西德，一个来自日本横滨。 20 世纪 90 年代初，此类样本包括许多二战时期的成员以及战争结束后很久出生的群体。我们考虑年龄（概念化为出生队列）与国家和世界事件记忆的显着性之间的关系，这些记忆在回答有关过去半个世纪的一个相当普遍的开放式问题时被提到很重要。就第二次世界大战等外部事件可能对每个国家的人口产生相似的影响而言，两国之间的关系是相似的，而每个国家在对其产生特别影响的事件方面又各不相同。关于青春期和成年早期对记忆烙印的重要性的假设已得到普遍证实，但几种类型的证据表明，有必要将界定年龄延长到十几岁之前和二十五岁以上。其他证据表明，需要区分媒体关注焦点的近期事件和更完全依赖于自传记忆的早期事件。
We investigate the collective memories of two samples drawn in 1991, one from the former West Germany and one from Yokohama, Japan. In the early 1990s such samples included many members of World War II cohorts and also cohorts born long after that war had ended. We consider the relation of age, conceptualised as birth cohort, to the salience of memories of national and world events that were mentioned as important in response to a quite general openended question about the past half-century. The relations are similar across the two countries in so far as external events like World War II might have had similar impacts on each population, while each country is distinctive with regard to events that especially impinged upon it. Hypotheses about the importance of adolescence and early adulthood to the imprinting of memories are generally confirmed, but several types of evidence suggest the need to extend the delimiting ages to earlier than the mid-teens and later than the mid-twenties. Other evidence indicates the desirability of distinguishing between recent events that are the focus of media attention and earlier events that depend more fully on autobiographical memory.