Embryonal Carcinoma Cells
Embryonal Carcinoma Cells
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-59259-423-8_4
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Draper;H. Moore;P. Andrews
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Draper;H. Moore;P. Andrews
畸胎瘤是一种组织学复杂的肿瘤，包含各种不同的组织，通常呈杂乱无章的模式，但有时具有或多或少可辨认的组织结构，偶尔具有可辨认的器官。牙齿和头发在皮样囊肿中尤其常见，皮样囊肿是卵巢的良性畸胎瘤。这些肿瘤在整个历史上都激起了人们的兴趣和想象力，偶尔它们与异常胚胎明显相似--因此才有了这个名字，畸胎瘤，源于希腊语中“怪物”的意思。在早期，不同的社会认为它们是神秘的迹象，有时是坏兆头，有时是好运气(例如，见参考文献1)。然而，到19世纪末和20世纪初，病理学家开始对畸胎瘤的原因和起源提出更合理的概念，更好地植根于对胚胎发生的不断发展的理解。Damjanov和Solter(2)和Wheeler(3)对这些肿瘤的自然历史和关于其起源的想法的发展进行了有趣的描述。在实验室小鼠中对畸胎瘤的研究和胚胎癌细胞(EC)作为畸胎癌的多能干细胞的确定提供了一个起点，最终导致胚胎干细胞系作为发育生物学工具的发展，并认识到它们在再生医学中的潜在用途。
Teratomas are histologically complex tumors containing a wide variety of distinct tissues, often in disorganized patterns, but sometimes with more or less recognizable tissue architecture and, occasionally, with recognizable organs. Teeth and hair are especially well known in dermoid cysts, the benign teratomas of the ovary. These tumors have excited interest and imagination throughout history, with their occasional obvious resemblance to abnormal embryos—hence the name, teratoma, from the Greek term for “monster.” In earlier times, different societies took them as mystical signs, sometimes as bad omens, sometimes to predict good fortune (e.g., see ref.1). However, by the late 19th and early 20th centuries, pathologists began to develop more rational concepts of the causes and origins of teratomas, better rooted in the developing understanding of embryogenesis. Fascinating accounts of the natural history of these tumors and the development of ideas about their origins are provided by Damjanov and Solter(2)and Wheeler(3). The study of teratomas in the laboratory mouse and the identification of embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells as the pluripotent stem cells of teratocarcinomas provided a starting point that eventually led to the development of embryonic stem (ES) cell lines as tools for developmental biology and the recognition of their potential use in regenerative medicine.