Wnt signaling.
Wnt signaling.
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DOI：
10.1895/wormbook.1.7.1
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发表时间：
2005-06-25
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Eisenmann, David M
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文献类型：
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作者：
Eisenmann, David M
使用Wnt配体在细胞间传递信号是后生动物发育的一个保守特征。配体结合后激活Wnt信号转导通路可调节细胞增殖、迁移、极性、分化和轴突生长等多种过程。一个“典型的”Wnt信号通路已经在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物模型系统中被阐明。在典型途径中，Wnt结合导致转录因子β -连环蛋白的稳定，β -连环蛋白进入细胞核调节Wnt途径靶基因。然而，Wnt结合也通过β -连环蛋白独立的非规范途径起作用，如平面细胞极性（PCP）途径和涉及Ca2+信号的途径。本章探讨了我们目前对秀丽隐杆线虫中Wnt信号传导和Wnt介导过程的理解。像其他物种一样，秀丽隐杆线虫的基因组编码Wnt配体（5个）和Wnt受体（4个卷曲，1个Ryk/Derailed）的多个基因。与脊椎动物或果蝇不同，秀丽隐杆线虫的基因组编码了三种β -连环蛋白基因，它们在Wnt信号传导和细胞粘附中似乎具有不同的功能。典型的Wnt信号明显存在于秀丽隐杆线虫中，利用β -连环蛋白BAR-1。然而，利用β -连环蛋白WRM-1的非规范途径也存在，迄今为止，在其他物种中尚未描述类似的途径。β -连环蛋白独立的非典型Wnt信号的证据目前有限。本文描述了Wnt信号在十多个秀丽隐杆线虫发育过程中的作用，包括细胞命运、极性和迁移的调节。
The use of Wnt ligands for signaling between cells is a conserved feature of metazoan development. Activation of Wnt signal transduction pathways upon ligand binding can regulate diverse processes including cell proliferation, migration, polarity, differentiation and axon outgrowth. A 'canonical' Wnt signaling pathway has been elucidated in vertebrate and invertebrate model systems. In the canonical pathway, Wnt binding leads to the stabilization of the transcription factor beta-catenin, which enters the nucleus to regulate Wnt pathway target genes. However, Wnt binding also acts through beta-catenin-independent, noncanonical pathways, such as the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway and a pathway involving Ca2+ signaling. This chapter examines our current understanding of Wnt signaling and Wnt-mediated processes in the nematode C. elegans. Like other species, the C. elegans genome encodes multiple genes for Wnt ligands (five) and Wnt receptors (four frizzleds, one Ryk/Derailed). Unlike vertebrates or Drosophila, the C. elegans genome encodes three beta-catenin genes, which appear to have distinct functions in Wnt signaling and cell adhesion. Canonical Wnt signaling clearly exists in C. elegans, utilizing the beta-catenin BAR-1. However, a noncanonical pathway utilizing the beta-catenin WRM-1 also exists, and to date a similar pathway has not been described in other species. Evidence for beta-catenin independent noncanonical Wnt signaling is currently limited. The role of Wnt signaling in over a dozen C. elegans developmental processes, including the regulation of cell fate, polarity and migration, is described.