Conserved Residues Control Activation of Mammalian G Protein-Coupled Odorant Receptors.

Conserved Residues Control Activation of Mammalian G Protein-Coupled Odorant Receptors.
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DOI:
10.1021/jacs.5b04659
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发表时间:
2015-07-08
影响因子:
15
通讯作者:
Golebiowski J
Golebiowski J
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
de March CA;Yu Y;Ni MJ;Adipietro KA;Matsunami H;Ma M;Golebiowski J

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气味受体(OR)基因和蛋白质占我们基因组的2%以上,占我们蛋白质组25的4%,是G蛋白偶联受体(GPCRs)的最大亚群。OR激活的机制仍然知之甚少,因为它们不具有一些高度保守的基序,这些基序对于非嗅觉GPCR的激活至关重要。通过结合定点突变、异源表达和捕捉成分活性突变体构象变化的分子动力学模拟,我们以小鼠MOR256-3(Olfr124)为模型,初步确定了这些受体功能的关键残基。感应激动剂的触发开关涉及到螺旋VI上一个高度保守的酪氨酸残基。离子锁位于螺旋III上的‘DRY’基序和螺旋VI上带正电荷的‘R/K’残基之间。本研究提供了一个前所未有的模型,揭示了气味受体激活的主要机制。
Odorant Receptor (OR) genes and proteins represent more than 2% of our genome and 4% of our proteome 25 and constitute the largest sub-group of G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs). The mechanism underlying OR activation remains poorly understood, as they do not share some of the highly conserved motifs critical for activation of non-olfactory GPCRs. By combining site-directed mutagenesis, heterologous expression, and molecular dynamics simulations that capture the conformational change of constitutively active mutants, we tentatively identified crucial residues for the function of these receptors using the mouse MOR256-3 (Olfr124) as a model. The toggle-switch for sensing agonists in-volves a highly conserved tyrosine residue in helix VI. The ionic-lock is located between the `DRY' motif in helix III and a positively charged `R/K' residue in helix VI. This study provides an unprecedented model that captures the main mechanisms of odorant receptor activation.
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