Somali pirates: villains or victims?
Somali pirates: villains or victims?
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索马里海盗：恶棍还是受害者？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Emmanuel Kisiangani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Emmanuel Kisiangani
索马里沿海海盗活动的扩散得到了国际社会的相当关注。其后果包括对贸易、安全和人道主义援助产生破坏稳定的影响。这为一些受这一祸害影响的国家部署多国部队提供了理由。虽然海军巡逻降低了一些地区海盗袭击的成功率，但海盗事件几乎没有得到缓解，袭击总数和地理范围都在增加。事实上，索马里沿海的海盗行为已演变成具有跨国网络的有组织辛迪加。问题是，各国际行为体在很大程度上认为索马里沿海的海盗行为威胁到它们自己的国家利益和安全。因此，他们在处理这一问题时脱离了更广泛的背景，未能成功地制止袭击。本文认为，为了更有意义地处理盗版问题，需要一个上下文框架，而不仅仅是解决“非法”活动。海盗行为是一个复杂的问题，涉及政治、法律的、社会、经济、安全甚至人权等层面，需要采取真正的综合办法，特别是寻求解决陆地上的根源。文章呼吁改变战略，以促进“索马里当地解决办法”，而不是国际行为体能够接受的国际解决办法。文章强调，有必要将在公海打击海盗方面表现出的强有力的国际合作扩大到打击陆上海盗行为的根源。
The proliferation of piracy activity off the coast of Somalia has received a fair share of international attention. Its consequences have included a destabilising effect on trade, security and humanitarian aid. This has served to give reason for the deployment of multi-national forces by some of the countries affected by the scourge. While naval patrols have reduced the success rate of piracy attacks in some areas, there has been little respite in piracy incidents with the overall number of attacks and their geographic scope increasing. Piracy off the coast of Somalia has, in fact, evolved into organised syndicates with transnational networks. The problem is that various international actors have largely viewed piracy off the coast of Somalia in terms of threats to their own national interests and security. They have, thus, dealt with the issue in isolation from its wider context, which has not succeeded in ending the attacks. This article argues that to deal with the piracy problem more meaningfully, there is need for a contextual framework beyond addressing the ‘illegal’ activities. Piracy is a complex problem, with political, legal, social, economic, security and even human rights dimensions, and calls for a truly holistic approach that, especially, seeks to address the root causes on land. The article calls for a change in strategies in order to facilitate a ‘local Somali solution’ rather than an international one that is acceptable to the sensibilities of international actors. The article emphasises the need to extend the strong international cooperation demonstrated on the high seas in the fight against piracy to the fight against root causes of piracy onshore.