Increasing persistency in lay and stabilising egg quality in longer laying cycles. What are the challenges?
Increasing persistency in lay and stabilising egg quality in longer laying cycles. What are the challenges?
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DOI：
10.1080/00071668.2016.1161727
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Dunn IC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bain MM;Nys Y;Dunn IC
在过去的 50 年里，选择最初从品种水平开始，然后使用定量遗传学与复杂的育种金字塔相结合，已经产生了具有与产蛋相关的各种性状的高产杂交种。目前正在进一步开发的一个主要特征是外蛋的持久性和“长寿命”蛋层的概念。然而，如果不充分考虑如何在较长的产蛋周期中维持鸡蛋质量以及禽类的健康和福利，就无法实现产蛋持久性。这些多重目标需要了解并考虑鸟类的生理学、营养需求，这些需求根据年龄和管理系统、繁殖状况和所采用的选择标准的选择而变化。最近分子遗传学的出现带来了很大的希望，即为了包括母鸡在内的整个行业的利益，可以平衡这些多种因素。因此，“长寿命”蛋鸡即将在 100 周的产蛋周期内产下 500 个蛋，从而带来更有效地利用日益减少的资源（包括土地、水、饲料原料）以及减少废物和总体碳足迹的好处。
In the past 50 years, selection starting initially at the breed level and then using quantitative genetics coupled with a sophisticated breeding pyramid, has resulted in a very productive hybrid for a variety of traits associated with egg production. One major trait currently being developed further is persistency of lay and the concept of the “long life” layer. Persistency in lay however cannot be achieved without due consideration of how to sustain egg quality and the health and welfare of the birds in longer laying cycles. These multiple goals require knowledge and consideration of the bird’s physiology, nutritional requirements, which vary depending on age and management system, reproductive status and choice of the selection criteria applied. The recent advent of molecular genetics offers considerable hope that these multiple elements can be balanced for the good of all in the industry including the hens. The “long life” layer, which will be capable of producing 500 eggs in a laying cycle of 100 weeks, is therefore on the horizon, bringing with it the benefits of a more efficient utilisation of diminishing resources, including land, water, raw materials for feed as well as a reduction in waste, and an overall reduced carbon footprint.