Genetic and Genomic Response to Selection for Food Consumption in Drosophila melanogaster.
Genetic and Genomic Response to Selection for Food Consumption in Drosophila melanogaster.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10519-016-9819-x
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发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Mackay TF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Garlapow ME;Everett LJ;Zhou S;Gearhart AW;Fay KA;Huang W;Morozova TV;Arya GH;Turlapati L;St Armour G;Hussain YN;McAdams SE;Fochler S;Mackay TF
食物消耗是动物健康的重要组成部分；然而，人类摄入过多的食物会增加患许多疾病的风险。神经内分泌反馈回路、食物感知方式和生理状态在调节食物摄入中的作用已经被很好地理解，但对食物摄入变化的遗传基础还不清楚。本研究对黑腹果蝇重复种群进行了高、低食用量的十代人工选择。对选择的表型反应是高度不对称的，只有增加的食物消耗有显著的反应，而体重和组成的相关反应最小。我们通过对选择系的DNA和RNA测序来评估选择响应的分子相关性。高、低选择系在2081个基因内或附近存在等位基因频率显著差异的变异，在两性或两性中存在3526个差异表达基因。共有519个基因在不同选择系之间存在遗传分化和差异表达。我们对27个候选基因进行了RNAi抑制基因表达和诱导突变的功能分析，这些候选基因具有人类同源性和最强的统计支持，并证实25个（93%）影响食物消耗的平均值和/或方差。
Food consumption is an essential component of animal fitness; however, excessive food intake in humans increases risk for many diseases. The roles of neuroendocrine feedback loops, food sensing modalities, and physiological state in regulating food intake are well understood, but not the genetic basis underlying variation in food consumption. Here, we applied ten generations of artificial selection for high and low food consumption in replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster. The phenotypic response to selection was highly asymmetric, with significant responses only for increased food consumption and minimal correlated responses in body mass and composition. We assessed the molecular correlates of selection responses by DNA and RNA sequencing of the selection lines. The high and low selection lines had variants with significantly divergent allele frequencies within or near 2,081 genes and 3,526 differentially expressed genes in one or both sexes. A total of 519 genes were both genetically divergent and differentially expressed between the divergent selection lines. We performed functional analyses of the effects of RNAi suppression of gene expression and induced mutations for 27 of these candidate genes that have human orthologs and the strongest statistical support, and confirmed that 25 (93%) affected the mean and/or variance of food consumption.