Hypomagnesemic disorders
Hypomagnesemic disorders
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DOI：
10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70157-3
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Dacey, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dacey, MJ
充足的镁储备对于毛皮的生命至关重要。危重患者的循环镁水平几乎总是下降，这使他们容易遭受各种不良反应，有些甚至危及生命。低镁血症的原因多种多样，但在危重患者中，主要是肾脏（通常继发于药物和胃肠道）的损失。尽管许多临床医生现在改用离子选择性电极的离子镁，但镁的测量并不简单。在哮喘急性发作中使用补充镁有一些医学文献的支持，特别是对于那些传统治疗失败的严重疾病患者。在大多数产科医生心目中，镁在治疗先兆子痫和子痫方面占据着卓越的地位，数十年的经验表明镁既有效又安全。镁显然对某些类型的室性心动过速有用，并且可能有助于治疗几种类型的室上性心动过速。尽管一旦进行再灌注治疗就没有任何益处，但其在急性心肌缺血中的作用尚不清楚。最后，镁在治疗急性脑损伤中的作用是一个令人兴奋的积极研究领域，初步研究表明有很大希望。
Adequate magnesium stores are vitally important fur life. Critically ill patients will almost always have diminished levels of circulating magnesium, and this predisposes them to a variety of adverse effects, some life threatening. The causes of hypomagnesemia are many and varied, but in the critically ill, losses from the kidneys, often secondary to medications and from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, predominate. The measurement of magnesium is not straightforward, although many clinicians are now switching to the use of ionized magnesium from ion selective electrodes. The use of supplemental magnesium in acute flares of asthma has some support in medical literature, especially for those patients with severe disease who fail traditional therapy. Magnesium holds the preeminent position in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in the minds of most obstetricians, who have decades of experience showing it to be both effective and safe. Magnesium is clearly useful for certain types of ventricular tachycardia, and probably assists in the treatment of several types of supraventricular tachycardia. Its role in acute myocardial ischemia is less certain, although there is no benefit once reperfusion therapy has already been carried out. Finally, the role of magnesium in the treatment of acute cerebral insults is an exciting area of active investigation with initial studies suggesting much promise.