Prefrontal cortex activity during response selection predicts processing speed impairment in schizophrenia.
Prefrontal cortex activity during response selection predicts processing speed impairment in schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.1017/s1355617713000532
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发表时间：
2013-08
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Karbasforoushan, Haleh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woodward, Neil D.;Duffy, Brittney;Karbasforoushan, Haleh
处理速度是精神分裂症中受损最严重的神经心理学领域，也是功能结果的有力预测因素。确定处理速度功能障碍背后的特定认知操作并确定其神经相关性可能有助于制定促认知干预措施。反应选择是将刺激映射到运动反应的过程，与处理速度的神经心理学测试相关，可能导致精神分裂症的处理速度障碍。本研究调查了精神分裂症反应选择的行为和神经测量以及处理速度的神经心理学指数之间的关系。 26 名精神分裂症患者和 21 名健康受试者在执行 2 项和 4 项选择反应时间 (RT) 任务期间接受了功能磁共振成像扫描，并完成了韦克斯勒成人智力量表 III (WAIS) 处理速度指数 (PSI)。反应选择（定义为 2 和 4 选择 RT 之间的 RT 减慢）在精神分裂症中受到损害，并且与心理测量处理速度相关。在精神分裂症中观察到背外侧前额皮质 (PFC) 的激活程度更高，并且与较差的 WAIS PSI 评分相关。反应选择过程中反应选择不足和背外侧 PFC 的异常募集会导致精神分裂症的处理速度受损。改善反应选择和使背外侧 PFC 功能正常化的干预措施可能会提高精神分裂症的处理速度。
Processing speed is the most impaired neuropsychological domain in schizophrenia and a robust predictor of functional outcome. Determining the specific cognitive operations underlying processing speed dysfunction and indentifying their neural correlates may assist in developing pro-cognitive interventions. Response selection, the process of mapping stimuli onto motor responses, correlates with neuropsychological tests of processing speed and may contribute to processing speed impairment in schizophrenia. This study investigated the relationship between behavioral and neural measures of response selection, and a neuropsychological index of processing speed in schizophrenia. 26 patients with schizophrenia and 21 healthy subjects underwent fMRI scanning during performance of 2 and 4-choice-reaction time (RT) tasks and completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS) Processing Speed Index (PSI). Response selection, defined as RT slowing between 2 and 4-choice RT, was impaired in schizophrenia and correlated with psychometric processing speed. Greater activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) was observed in schizophrenia and correlated with poorer WAIS PSI scores. Deficient response selection and abnormal recruitment of the dorsolateral PFC during response selection contribute to processing speed impairment in schizophrenia. Interventions that improve response selection and normalize dorsolateral PFC function may improve processing speed in schizophrenia.