Crypsis and communication functions of UV-visible coloration in two coral reef damselfish, Dascyllus aruanus and D.reticulatus *
Crypsis and communication functions of UV-visible coloration in two coral reef damselfish, Dascyllus aruanus and D.reticulatus *
复制标题
两种珊瑚礁雀鲷（Dascyllus aruanus 和 D.reticulatus）的隐匿和紫外-可见着色的通讯功能*
作者：
G. Losey
摘要：珊瑚鱼大胆的色彩可能具有多种功能，从隐藏到广告。许多珊瑚鱼对紫外线敏感的视觉要求我们探索这些超出人类视觉范围的功能。目前对紫外线和可见光在清澈海水中的传播的了解，以及对掠食性和被捕食鱼类可能的光谱敏感性的了解表明，应该选择对比鲜明的紫外线信号进行社会交流。对于许多幼年珊瑚鱼来说，近距离探测和被捕食者注意可能比远距离探测更重要。三杆少女鱼（Dascyllus aruanus）和两杆少女鱼（d.r reticulatus）的幼鱼是颜色鲜艳的白色鱼，身上有黑色的条纹，它们以混合物种的形式生活在精细分支的珊瑚中。珊瑚礁上的捕食者可能对它们栖息的珊瑚头的位置有很好的了解，主要的威胁是当捕食者做出防御错误时被注意到。我通过一系列从340到600纳米的窄带通滤波器拍摄了鱼在野外的视频图像，这跨越了鱼的视觉灵敏度的可能范围。在色彩参考标准和光谱辐照度数据的帮助下，我将视频像素强度测量应用于色彩视觉模型，以量化同类型鱼类和各种捕食者观看时的亮度对比度。在旗子状的背鳍上有一块高度反射紫外线的彩色斑块，而这在三杆的背鳍上是没有的。这一结果，再加上它们较长的波长颜色，表明两条鱼更适合短距离的社会交流，这将很难被捕食者发现。版权所有2003由爱思唯尔有限公司代表动物行为研究协会出版。
Abstract The bold colours of reef fish probably serve various functions ranging from crypsis to advertisement. The presence of UV-sensitive vision in many reef fish demands that we explore these functions beyond the range of human vision. Current knowledge of the transmission of UV and visible radiation through clear ocean water, and knowledge of the likely spectral sensitivity of predatory and prey fish suggest that contrasting UV signals should be selected for social communication. For many juvenile reef fish, close-range detection and being noticed by predators may be much more important than long-range detection. Dascyllus aruanus (three-bar damsel) and D. reticulatus (two-bar damsel) juveniles are boldly coloured white fish with black bars that shelter in mixed-species groups in finely branched corals. Predators on the reef are probably well schooled in the location of their residence coral heads and the major threat is being noticed by a predator when making a defensive error. I took video images of the fish in the field through a series of narrow-band-pass filters from 340 to 600 nm, which spans the probable range for visual sensitivity in fish. With the help of colour reference standards and spectral irradiance data, I applied video pixel intensity measures to a model of colour vision to quantify luminance contrast when viewed by both conspecific fish and various predators. The two-bar damsel had a highly UV-reflective colour patch on its flag-like dorsal fin that was lacking in the three-bar. This result, taken together with their longer wavelength coloration, indicates that the two-bar is better adapted for short-range social communication, which would be difficult for predators to detect. Copyright 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.