Performance and subjective effects of diazepam and d-amphetamine in high and low sensation seekers.
Performance and subjective effects of diazepam and d-amphetamine in high and low sensation seekers.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/fbp.0b013e3283305e8d
复制
发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Bardo MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelly TH;Delzer TA;Martin CA;Harrington NG;Hays LR;Bardo MT
尽管感觉寻求状态与青少年开始使用药物的年龄和用药量以及年轻人对药物行为和强化效应的敏感性有关，但尚不清楚青少年的感觉寻求状态是否可以预测成年人对药物药理作用（即滥用潜力）的敏感性。这项研究考察了口服地西泮和 d-安非他明对 18-21 岁年轻人的急性行为影响，这些年轻人在每年 10 岁至 14 岁之间完成的改良感觉寻求量表中，得分始终处于年级组中最高或最低三分之一。健康参与者完成了 16 个 7.5 小时的测试日，测试日间隔至少 48 小时。每天，在给药后 0、50、110、170、230 和 290 分钟完成包括计算机任务表现、药物作用口头报告和心血管测量在内的评估。根据随机区组设计，在双盲条件下对安慰剂和三种活性剂量的地西泮和 d-安非他明（2.5、5.0 和 10.0 mg/70 kg）进行测试。 d-安非他明和地西泮分别具有典型的兴奋和镇静作用。药物作用随着感觉寻求状态的变化而变化，对心血管功能、任务表现和药物积极作用的影响程度在高感觉寻求者中更大，而在低感觉寻求者中消极药物作用的报告更大。持续寻求高水平感觉的青少年对兴奋剂和镇静药物的药理作用更加敏感，这些药物与年轻人滥用的可能性有关。
Although sensation-seeking status is associated with age of initiation and amount of drug use among adolescents, and sensitivity to the behavioral and reinforcing effects of drugs among young adults, it is unclear whether sensation-seeking status among adolescents is predictive of sensitivity to the pharmacological effects of drugs (i.e. abuse potential) as adults. This study examined the acute behavioral effects of oral diazepam and d-amphetamine in young adults, ages 18–21 years, who had consistently scored in the highest or lowest third of their grade-based cohort on a modified Sensation Seeking Scale that was completed annually between ages 10 and 14 years. Healthy participants completed 16 7.5-h test days, with test days separated by a minimum of 48 h. Each day, assessments consisting of computer task performance, verbal report of drug effects, and cardiovascular measures were completed 0, 50, 110, 170, 230, and 290 min after drug administration. Placebo and three active doses of diazepam and d-amphetamine (2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/70 kg) were tested under double-blind conditions according to a randomized-block design. Typical stimulant and sedative effects were obtained with d-amphetamine and diazepam, respectively. Drug effects varied as a function of sensation-seeking status, with magnitude of effects on cardiovascular function, task performance, and report of positive drug effects being greater among high sensation seekers, and report of negative drug effects being greater among low sensation seekers. Adolescents who report high levels of sensation seeking on a consistent basis are more sensitive to pharmacological effects of stimulant and sedative drugs that are associated with abuse potential as young adults.