Improving Scratch Programming with CRC-Card Design

Improving Scratch Programming with CRC-Card Design
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使用 CRC 卡设计改进暂存编程

DOI:
10.1145/3361721.3362114
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Keller S
Keller S
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Keller S

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Scratch和其他基于块的编程环境很受欢迎,并且成功地让年轻学习者了解编程的基本概念。使用Scratch编程是一种探索性的“修补”方法,从工具箱中选择块并组装,这是常见的,也是故意的。然而,这种类型的自底向上的编程行为通常与代码质量问题相关联,使得难以创建更复杂的程序,并且可能阻碍基本概念的学习。为了研究一种更结构化的方法是否可行,我们将CRC卡(类-责任-协作)的面向对象设计方法应用于Scratch程序,这样学习者首先计划他们程序的中心方面(即,sprites及其交互),然后再编写代码。我们采用这种方法的背景下,两个学校班的试点研究,调查这如何影响学生和他们的项目。这个初步调查的结果表明,学生们没有被额外的设计工作所吓倒,我们观察到所产生的程序的完整性和正确性略有改善。
Scratch and other block-based programming environments are popular and successful in engaging young learners with basic concepts of programming. It is common, and intentional, that programming with Scratch is done using an explorative "tinkering" approach, where blocks are selected from toolboxes and assembled. However, this type of bottom-up programming behaviour is generally associated with code quality issues, makes it difficult to create more complex programs, and may impede the learning of fundamental concepts. In order to investigate whether a more structured approach is feasible, we adapted the object-oriented design methodology of CRC cards (class-responsibility-collaboration) to Scratch programs, such that learners first plan the central aspects of their programs (i.e., the sprites and their interactions), before writing the code. We applied this methodology in the context of a pilot study with two school classes to investigate how this affects the students and their resulting projects. The results of this initial investigation suggest that students are not deterred by the additional design work, and we observed a slight improvement in the completeness and correctness of the resulting programs.
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