Prevention of murine influenza A virus pneumonitis by surfactant nano-emulsions
Prevention of murine influenza A virus pneumonitis by surfactant nano-emulsions
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DOI：
10.1177/095632020001100104
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Baker, JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Donovan, BW;Reuter, JD;Baker, JR
非离子表面活性剂纳米乳液具有广泛的抗菌活性，并且在有效浓度下与皮肤和粘膜具有生物相容性。测试了由大豆油、磷酸三丁酯和 Triton X-100 制成的两种纳米乳液制剂（8N8 和 20N10）在体内预防小鼠流感病毒肺炎的能力。在最初的研究中，CD-1小鼠鼻内注射了不同稀释度的纳米乳剂，并确定了安全剂量和浓度。然后将无毒浓度的纳米乳液与流感病毒混合并涂在小鼠的鼻孔上。接受两种不同乳液（8N8 或 20N10）和 LD1 病毒混合物的动物在挑战中存活下来，没有病毒感染的证据。为了确定纳米乳剂用作预防性治疗时是否可以预防体内流感病毒感染，在通过雾化气雾剂暴露于 5 x 10(5) p.f.u./ml 病毒之前 90 分钟，将纳米乳剂（1.0% 的 8N8 和 1.0% 或 0.2% 的 20N10）涂在小鼠鼻孔上。用纳米乳剂预处理的动物显着减少了感染的临床症状。经纳米乳剂预处理的动物中，只有 26.0%（8N8，1.0%）、31.25%（20N10，1.0%）和 37.0%（20N10，0.2%）死于肺炎，而模拟预处理动物中，>80.0% 死于感染（P < 0.005）。这些发现表明非离子表面活性剂纳米乳液具有预防体内流感病毒感染的治疗潜力。
Non-ionic surfactant nano-emulsions have extensive anti-microbial activity and are biocompatible with skin and mucous membranes at effective concentrations. Two nano-emulsion formulations (8N8 and 20N10) made from soybean oil, tributyl phosphate and Triton X-100, were tested for their ability to prevent murine influenza virus pneumonia in vivo. In the initial study, CD-1 mice were administered various dilutions of the nano-emulsions intranasally, and safe dosages and concentrations were determined. Non-toxic concentrations of the nano-emulsions were then mixed with influenza virus and applied to the nares of mice. Animals receiving mixtures of two different emulsions (8N8 or 20N10) and a LD,, of virus survived the challenge without evidence of viral infection. To determine if the nano-emulsions could prevent influenza virus infection in vivo when used as a prophylactic treatment, the nano-emulsions (8N8 at 1.0% and 20N10 at 1.0% or 0.2%) were applied to mouse nares 90 min before exposure to 5 x 10(5) p.f.u./ml virus by nebulized aerosol. Animals pretreated with the nano-emulsions had significantly decreased clinical signs of infection. Only 26.0% (8N8 at 1.0%), 31.25% (20N10 at 1.0%) and 37.0% (20N10 at 0.2%) of animals pretreated with nano-emulsion died from pneumonitis, whereas >80.0% of mock pretreated animals succumbed to infection (P < 0.005). These findings suggest that nonionic surfactant nano-emulsions have therapeutic potential for the prevention of influenza virus infection in vivo.