Exploring the Effects of Spaceflight on Mouse Physiology using the Open Access NASA GeneLab Platform
Exploring the Effects of Spaceflight on Mouse Physiology using the Open Access NASA GeneLab Platform
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DOI：
10.3791/58447
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Costes, Sylvain V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beheshti, Afshin;Shirazi-Fard, Yasaman;Costes, Sylvain V.
在太空中进行生物实验需要特殊的设施和程序，以确保有效和高效率地进行这些调查。此外，由于这些实验很少发生，因此必须使其影响最大化。组学技术的快速发展为从珍贵的航天标本中产生的数据量大幅增加提供了机会。为了利用这一点，NASA开发了GeneLab平台，提供对航天组学数据的不受限制的访问，并鼓励对其进行广泛分析。啮齿类动物（大鼠和小鼠）是科学家用来研究与太空有关的生物影响的常见模式生物。在太空飞行中饲养啮齿动物的围栏被称为啮齿动物栖息地（以前的动物围栏模块），在尺寸、气流、水和食物的获取方面与标准的动物笼有很大不同。此外，由于国际空间站（ISS）的环境和大气条件，动物暴露在更高的二氧化碳浓度中。我们最近报道了啮齿类动物栖息地的老鼠，无论它们是在地面上还是在太空中，它们的转录组都会发生很大的变化。此外，这些变化与缺氧反应一致，可能是由更高的二氧化碳浓度驱动的。在这里，我们描述了如何在太空中进行典型的啮齿动物实验，如何通过GeneLab平台访问这些实验中的组学数据，以及如何识别这些数据中的关键因素。通过这个过程，任何人都可以做出重要的发现，这些发现可能会改变未来太空任务和活动的设计。
Performing biological experiments in space requires special accommodations and procedures to ensure that these investigations are performed effectively and efficiently. Moreover, given the infrequency of these experiments it is imperative that their impacts be maximized. The rapid advancement of omics technologies offers an opportunity to dramatically increase the volume of data produced from precious spaceflight specimens. To capitalize on this, NASA has developed the GeneLab platform to provide unrestricted access to spaceflight omics data and encourage its widespread analysis. Rodents (both rats and mice) are common model organisms used by scientists to investigate space-related biological impacts. The enclosure that house rodents during spaceflight are called Rodent Habitats (formerly Animal Enclosure Modules), and are substantially different from standard vivarium cages in their dimensions, air flow, and access to water and food. In addition, due to environmental and atmospheric conditions on the International Space Station (ISS), animals are exposed to a higher CO2 concentration. We recently reported that mice in the Rodent Habitats experience large changes in their transcriptome irrespective of whether animals were on the ground or in space. Furthermore, these changes were consistent with a hypoxic response, potentially driven by higher CO2 concentrations. Here we describe how a typical rodent experiment is performed in space, how omics data from these experiments can be accessed through the GeneLab platform, and how to identify key factors in this data. Using this process, any individual can make critical discoveries that could change the design of future space missions and activities.